Chapter 15 Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling

______ maintains a “steady state” or balance internally regardless of external environment.

Homeostasis

What uses internal mechanisms to control internal change despite external fluctuations?

Regulators

What allows internal condition to change in response to external changes?

Conformer

What is a collection of glands that produce hormones that influence almost every cell, tissue, organ, and function in the body?

Endocrine System

Coordination of pH control in the duodenum relies on endocrine pathway via _______ feedback.

negative

_______ integrates endocrine and nervous systems.

Hypothalamus

What is the process of animals controlling solute concentration in interstitial fluids? (balance of water gains and losses)

Osmoregulation

What is solute concentration of a solution? (isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic)

Osmolarity

In freshwater fish, water enters by ____ across gills.

osmosis

What results from the breaking down of proteins and nucleic acid?

Nitrogenous waste

Vertebrates have kidneys that function in both _______ and _____. (removes nitrogenous waste, regulates salt and water concentrations, large blood vessels)

osmoregulation, excretion

Filtering body fluids via physical force is called:

filtration

Reclaiming valuable solutes is called:

reabsorption

Adding nonessential solutes, wastes is called:

secretion

Releasing processed solution from body is called:

excretion

Enzymes have an ____ ______.

optimum temperature

______ heat is conducted away as quickly as it’s produced. (majority of animals, source of heating in external)

Ectothermy

__________ generate enough heat to maintain stability. (source of heating is internal)

Endothermy