Antepartum Care: Part II Flashcards

A set of 65 vocabulary flashcards covering common discomforts, self-care, exercise, substance risks, and fetal well-being assessments from Antepartum Care: Part II.

Pelvic Tilt Exercise

A specific physical exercise recommended to relieve backache by improving posture and abdominal tone during pregnancy.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Pregnancy-related nerve discomfort managed by avoiding repetitive hand movements, which may disappear after delivery or rarely require surgery.

Antepartum Breast Care

Wearing a supportive bra, maintaining cleanliness without using soap on nipples, and using breast shields for air flow or inverted nipples.

Breast Shield

A device worn over the nipples to allow air flow and assist with inverted nipples during pregnancy self-care.

Travel Guidelines

Taking frequent breaks during car travel, stopping every $2\,\text{hours}$ to walk for $10\,\text{min}$.

Caloric Intake

Pregnant women engaged in exercise should eat an additional $300\,\text{kcal}$ per day.

Exercise Contraindications

Rupture of membranes, increased BP with pregnancy, cervical insufficiency (incompetent cervix), vaginal bleeding, preterm labor or history of, and placenta previa after the 26th week.

Paternal Sexual Concerns

Concerns affected by previous relationships with the partner, acceptance of pregnancy, attitudes toward partner's appearance changes, and fear of hurting mother or baby.

Dental Care

Continuing regular check-ups, brushing teeth at least twice per day, brushing after N/V, and avoiding X-rays until after delivery.

Recommended Pregnancy Vaccines

Vaccines encouraged during pregnancy, including Flu, T-Dap, and COVID vaccines.

Teratogenic Substances

Harmful substances including medications, tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, marijuana, and cocaine that can harm fetal development.

Medication Risk Window

The period of greatest risk for medication-induced fetal damage during the 1st trimester while organs are developing.

Tobacco Use Risk

Low-birth weight infants, preterm births, PROM, fetal demise, placenta previa, and abruptio placenta.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

Condition caused by maternal alcohol consumption resulting in growth restriction, facial anomalies, and intellectual disability.

Cocaine Risk

Maternal cardiac arrest, arrhythmias, ruptured aorta, seizures, stroke, abruptio placenta, PROM, low birth weight, SIDS, congenital heart defects, and limb defects.

Caffeine Intake Limit

Limiting intake to about $200\,\text{mg/day}$ during pregnancy (average coffee cup is $100\,\text{mg}$, soda or tea is $50\,\text{mg}$).

Advanced Maternal Age (AMA)

Pregnancy in women age $35$ and older; associated with increased risks of miscarriage, Gestational DM, Gestational HTN, placenta previa, C-section, and Trisomy 21.

Obesity Risks

Spontaneous abortion, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, labor induction, cesarean birth, and fetal anomalies.

Pica

Craving and persistent eating of nonnutritive substances (e.g., clay, soil, laundry starch, soap, baking powder); a symptom of iron deficiency anemia.

Fetal Movement (Kick) Counts

Noted between $16\text{--}22\,\text{weeks}$, checked $1\,\text{hour}$ after meals in side-lying position; provider notified if fewer than $10$ movements in $2\,\text{hours}$.

Transvaginal Ultrasound

Procedure using a sterile probe inserted into the vagina; serves as a predictor of preterm birth by measuring shortened cervical length or funneling.

Cervical Funneling

Cone-shaped internal os opening or shortening of the cervix visualized on transvaginal ultrasound, indicating risk of preterm birth.

Nuchal Translucency Testing (NT)

Non-invasive US test performed as early as $11\,\text{weeks}$; measurements greater than $3\,\text{mm}$ indicate risk for Trisomy genetic disorders.

Umbilical Velocimetry (Doppler Blood Flow)

Non-invasive US test measuring circulation velocity changes; the systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio should be less than $3$ at term.

Biophysical Profile (BPP)

Comprehensive evaluation of fetal well-being scores 4 parameters (breathing, body movements, tone, amniotic fluid volume) out of 8 total points, with a score of 8 indicating optimal health.

Lecithin/Sphingomyelin (L/S) Ratio

Diagnostic value from amniotic fluid analysis where an L/S ratio of $2:1$ (with PG presence) correlates with fetal lung maturity at $35\,\text{weeks'}$ gestation.

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)

Procedure obtaining chorionic villi from the placenta for early genetic testing at $8\text{--}12\,\text{weeks}$; carries risks of ROM, bleeding, infection, and limb defects.

Nonstress test

Fetal monitor and contraction monitors placed to show accelerations of fetal HR with movement or contractions showing adequate oxygenation and intact CNS

32 Weeks NST

Accelerations of 15 beats/min above baseline, lasting 15 seconds or more in a 20 minute time period

>32 Week NST

Accelerations of 10 beats/min above baseline lasting 10 seconds or more in a 20 minute time period.C

Contraction Stress Test (CST)

Evaluates oxygenation and CO2 exchange of the placenta. With contractions intrauterine pressure increases, and blood flow to the fetus decreases.

Negative CST

Stress of uterine contraction shows three contractions of good quality lasting 40 or more seconds in 10 minutes with no evidence of late decelerations.

Positive CST

Stress of uterine contraction shows repetitive persistent late deceleration with more than 50% of uterine contractions.