Ohm's Law and Electricity Concepts

Vocabulary flashcards defining key electrical terms, measurements, units, examples, and factors affecting resistance from the lecture notes.

Ohm's Law

The law that describes the relationship among Voltage ($V$), Current ($I$), and Resistance ($\Omega$).

Electric Current

The flow of electrons through a conductor such as a wire.

Ammeter

The instrument used to measure electric current.

Ampere (A)

The unit of electric current.

Smartphone Charger Current

A typical charger that provides around $1\text{ to }3\,\text{amperes}$ of current.

Voltage

The electrical push or force that causes electric charges to move through a circuit.

Voltmeter

The instrument used to measure voltage.

Volt (V)

The unit of voltage.

AA Battery Voltage

A standard AA battery that provides $1.5\,\text{volts}$.

Rectangular Battery Voltage

A rectangular battery that provides $9\,\text{volts}$.

Car/Truck Battery Voltage

A battery that provides $12\,\text{volts}$.

Philippines Household Electrical Outlets

Household outlets in the Philippines that usually supply $220\text{ to }240\,\text{volts}$.

Resistance

The opposition to the flow of electric charges in a circuit.

Ohmmeter

The instrument used to measure resistance.

Ohm ($\Omega$)

The unit of resistance.

Low Resistance

A condition where electric charges flow more easily, resulting in a greater current.

High Resistance

A condition where electric charges flow more slowly, resulting in a lesser current.

Length of Wires

A factor affecting resistance where longer wires have greater resistance.

Diameter of Wires

A factor affecting resistance where thicker wires have less resistance.

Copper

A type of material that has low resistance.

Rubber

A type of material that has very high resistance and is used as an insulator.

Water Analogy for Current

An analogy comparing electric current to water flowing through a pipe.

Water Analogy for Voltage

An analogy comparing voltage to pressure in a water pipe.

Water Analogy for Resistance

An analogy comparing resistance to the valve or pipe diameter in a water pipe.