2.2 - particle sorting

charge of particles and antiparticles

what is the rest energy of a proton?

938 MeV

what is the rest energy of a neutron?

939 MeV

what is the rest energy of an electron?

0.511 MeV

what is the rest energy of a neutrino?

0 MeV

what is the rest energy of a muon?

106 MeV

what is the rest energy of a pion⁺ ?

140 MeV

what is the rest energy of a pion⁰ ?

135 MeV

what is the rest energy of a pion^- ?

140 MeV

what is the rest energy of a kaon⁺ ?

494 MeV

what is the rest energy of a kaon⁰ ?

498 MeV

what is the rest energy of a kaon^- ?

494 MeV

which interactions are protons involved in?

• strong nuclear

• weak nuclear

• electromagnetic

which interactions are neutrons involved in?

• strong nuclear

• weak nuclear

which interactions are electrons involved in?

• weak nuclear

• electromagnetic

which interactions are neutrinos involved in?

• weak nuclear

which interactions are muons involved in?

• weak nuclear

• electromagnetic

which interactions are pions involved in?

• strong nuclear

• electromagnetic (π^{+ / -} )

which interactions are kaons involved in?

• strong nuclear

• electromagnetic (K^{+ / -} )

what are hadrons?

particles / antiparticles that can interact via the strong interaction:

• protons

• neutrons

• mesons (pions and kaons)

including all antimatter

are mesons hadrons or leptons?

mesons, because they can interact via the strong interaction

what are leptons?

particles / antiparticles that CANNOT interact via the strong interaction:

• electrons

• muons

• neutrinos

including all antimatter

how do hadrons interact?

via all 4 interactions;

• weak nuclear

• strong nuclear

• gravitational

• electromagnetic (if charged)

how do leptons interact?

via all interactions but strong nuclear;

• weak nuclear

• gravitational

• electromagnetic (if charged)

how do hadrons tend to decay?

via the weak interaction (apart from protons which are stable)

which is the only hadrons that doesn’t decay via the weak interaction? why?

protons, because they are stable

are protons a hadron or lepton?

hadron

are neutrons a hadron or lepton?

hadron

are pions a hadron or lepton?

hadron

are kaons a hadron or lepton?

hadron

are mesons a hadron or lepton?

hadron

are electrons a hadron or lepton?

lepton

are muons a hadron or lepton?

lepton

are neutrinos a hadron or lepton?

lepton

what are baryons?

protons or all other hadrons that decay into protons (either directly or indirectly);

• protons

• neutrons

• sigma

what are mesons?

hadrons that do NOT include protons in their decay products

• kaons

• pions

particle and antiparticle flow chart

what are hadrons composed of?

smaller particles called quarks and antiquarks

what is the total energy of particles / antiparticles before collision?

their rest energy + their E_k

what is the total energy of particles / antiparticles after collision?

their rest energy + their E_k

how do you find the rest energy of the products?

total energy before - E_k of products

(because conservation of energy)

do decays follow the laws of conservation?

yes

do collisions follow the laws of conservation?

yes