GI - Histo: Images Only

what gland is this from? how do you know?

- parotid

- we see acinar cells with perfectly round nuclei

- serous secretions only, mucus is rare

- the unstained cells are adipose cells

what gland is this from? how do you know?

- submandibular gland

- we see a mix of acinar cells (well-stained) with perfectly round nuclei and tubule cells with flattened nuclei

- although there is a mix of serous and mucous cells, there are more serous cells

what gland is this from? how do you know?

- sublingual gland

- we see more mucus tubule cells (with flattened nucleus pushed to basal end of cell) than we do serous cells (round nucleus, well stained)

- mucous cells outnumber acinar cells and more mucus is produced in this gland

secretions from this gland will be serous or mucous?

serous

- this is from the parotid gland

- note: no mucous tubule cells (all cells are well-stained with perfectly round nuclei)

what type of secretions do you expect from this gland?

both serous and mucous

- contains both tubule mucous cells (poorly stained, nuclei pushed toward basal end of cell) and acinar cells (well stained cells w/ perfectly round nuclei)

what gland is this from? how do you know?

sublingual

- mucous cells (poorly stained w/ flattened nucleus) outnumber acinar cells

what epithelium type is found at the location labeled "0"

simple cuboidal

- cell is wider than it is tall

- intercalated duct

0

intercalated duct

1

striated duct

what epithelium is found in the location labeled with a 1

simple columnar

- cell is taller than it is wide

- striated duct

0

intercalated duct

1

striated duct

?

intercalated duct

- simple cuboidal

?

striated duct

- simple columnar

- note: striations

does modification of saliva happen at the location labeled "0"?

NO, this is an excretory duct, salivary modification only happens in the intercalated and striated ducts

0

excretory duct

- no salivary modification happens here

what epithelium is found in the location labeled "0"?

pseudostratified epithelium

1

striated duct

in which location, 0 or 1, do you expect salivary modification to occur?

1

- 1 is a striated duct

- 0 is an excretory duct, NO modification occurs here

?

myoepithelial cells in salivary glands

?

myoepithelial basket cell

?

myoepithelial cells seen with Actin IHC staining

?

striated duct

note:

- striations (infolding of basement membrane with mitochondria in between)

- perfectly round nuclei pushed apically

0

muscularis externa (outer longitudinal, inner circular)

1

submucosa

2

mucosa

3

adventitia/serosa

4

muscularis mucosae

black arrows (at the bottom)?

lining epithelium (SSNKE)

what is the function of the circled glands?

secretes watery fluid into the sulcus of the taste bud to flush it so we can taste

- these are Ebner's glands

what is circled?

Ebner's glands

what pathology is pictured here?

Sjogren's syndrome

what is labeled in the image?

labial glands

0

epithelium (SSNKE)

arrow

lamina propria

2

muscularis mucosae

3

submucosa

describe this image

this image is a histological section of the middle 1/3 of the esophagus

note: the mix of smooth and skeletal muscle representative of the partial voluntary, partial involuntary control of swallowing at this point in the esophagus

?

esophageal glands

- mucosal and serous

pictured are esophageal glands found in what layer?

submucosal

?

ducts in esophagus

- stratified cuboidal epithelium

- barium goes into ducts

?

barium esophagram showing ducts of esophageal submucosal glands

?

squamocolumnar mucosal junction

- zig-zag line

identify the pathology

Barrett's esophagus

- irregular squamocolumnar junction

what is pictured here? (big picture)

normal squamocolumnar junction

1

esophageal epithelium

2

gastric epithelium

arrows?

goblet cell mucins stained with alcian blue

what pathology?

Barrett's esophagus

1

SSNKE (esophagus epithleium)

2

columnar epithelium (metaplasia)

what is shown in the image?

gastroesophageal junction

surface mucous cells

surface mucous cells

mucous neck cells

single black arrow?

intracellular cannaliculus

red arrows?

parietal cells

note:

- eosinophilic staining due to abundance of mitochondria

chief cells

note:

- basophilic cytoplasm due to RER

arrow

serosa

0

muscularis externa

1

submucosa

2

mucosa

what is pictured here?

gastroduodenal junction

0

inner circular muscle

1

outer longitudinal muscle

arrow?

Duodenal submucosal Brunner's Glands

plicae circulares

- infolding of submucosa

dotted line?

muscularis mucosa

gray square?

epithelial surface cell: enterocyte

0

actin core

crypts

what is the function of the cells pictured?

controlled absorption

what is pictured?

enterocytes in small intestine

what is the function of the cell labeled?

produce mucin to protect and lubricate the inner surface of the small intestine

goblet cells of the small intestine

which of these is the duodenum? which is the ileum? how can you tell?

left = duodenum

right = ilium

- goblet cell number increases from proximal to distal

enteroendocrine cells in intestinal crypts

paneth cells

what is the function of these cells?

immune surveillance

secrete antimicrobial products:

- lysozyme

- alpha defensins

these are paneth cells found in crypts of the small intestine

paneth cells

1

Peyer's patch in small intestine; the ilium, specifically

- we are getting close to the external environment so we needs stronger immune surveillance

2

lumen of small intestine

small intestine-duodenum

Brunner's glands

arrow: lacteals

arrowhead: lamina propria

fibroblasts, blood, connective tissue, etc.

paneth cells

taenia coli

taenia coli

1

lymphatic

2

muscularis externa

3

submucosa

4

mucosa

colonocytes (dark staining)

- absorptive

goblet cells (light staining)

what is the role of this cell?

absorption of water from the apical surface to the basal surface

- these are colonocytes

colonocytes

black hexagon

classic liver lobule

- centered around a central vein

- endocrine and metabolic functions

the black hexagon describes what function of the liver?

endocrine/metabolic functions

- this is a classic lobule

blue shape

liver acinus

- centered around incoming blood

- metabolic functions

the blue shape describes what function of the liver?

metabolic functions

yellow triangle

portal lobule

- centered around bile duct

- exocrine/waste removal functions

the yellow triangle describes what function of the liver?

exocrine/waste removal functions