Biotechnology

Artificial Breeding

Creating new breeds of animals & new crop plants to improve our food

The code is

universal

All living things use…

The same DNA code (A, T, G, C)
Use the same code book
Read their genes the same way

Mixing genes together can create new ________

medicine

Allowing organisms to produce new __________

Bacteria producing _____

Bacteria producing __________

1. proteins
2. human insulin
3. human growth hormone

How does genetic engineering work?

Find gene
Cut DNA in both organisms
Paste gene from one creature into another creature’s DNA

How does recombinant DNA work?

Insert new chromosome into organism
Organism reads gene and makes new protein

DNA “____________”

Enzymes that cut DNA

Scissors

Restriction enzyme

Normally used by bacteria to cut DNA of invading viruses…

Cuts DNA at specific sites

Enzyme looks for specific base sequences, and they leave sticky ends

Cut other DNA with same ________

enzymes

Leave “____ ______” on both DNA

* Can glue DNA together at_____

Sticky ends