Sheep and Goat Production Exam 1

ANSC 4406 Sheep and Goat Production Exam 1

This type of flock is primarily in the western part of the US. It involves low input, self sufficient, tough sheep.

Range Flock

This flock requires less acreage. These include productive breeds that are fed at high levels. They are fed harvested feed and are managed more intensely.

Farm Flock

This type of flock is raised in farm flock conditions and reproduction is less important.

Show Lambs

This breed-type is the base breed in the US and is range flock dominated.

Fine Wool

This breed-type is a crossbred of fine and long wool.

Medium Wool

This breed-type is small in numbers and has a limited impact.

Long Wool

This breed-type is a big group. They grow fast and are mostly black-faces.

Meat Breed

This breed-type is tropically adapted. They are heat and parasite resistant and shed wool.

Hair Sheep

This breed-type is of the least importance in US milking.

Dairy Breeds

Most prevalent wool sheep from Spain; finest wool in the world; smaller with more wrinkles; not improved as much; horned or polled; not as many in US

Merino

French breed; most popular in Texas and Southwest; based on Merino but developed in France; larger and faster growing than merino; better suited for US markets; horned or polled

Rambouillet

This Rambouillet X Merino cross was developed in New Mexico based on size and staple length.

Debouillet

Largest breed; heavy fleeces (15-25lbs); 12 in staple

Lincoln

Small; coarse fleece (many colors); best for hand spinners; least impact of all long wool sheep

Cotswold

unimportant to US sheep industry; hand spinning industry; Europe crossbred (mules)

Leicester

Shorter but finer wool; closer to fine wool in length and grade; genetic resistance to footrot; open fleece; work well in high rainfall condition

Romney

Lincoln Rams X Rambouillet Ewes; most used in US (established in Wyoming); value in wool; too big for Texas and New Mexico

Columbia

Lincoln Rams X Merino Ewes; Smaller than Columbia with better wool; Established in New Zealand; Black hooves and black nose; polled

Corriedale

Rambouillet Rams X Columbia Ewes; developed in Idaho; Useful range sheep; Fine Wool

Targhee

Rambouillet Rams X Lincoln Ewes; Highly adaptable in range conditions; Fairly useful; Small numbers

Panama

Most valuable meat breeds; big, fast growing sheep; first and second in registrations; many crosses between;

Suffolk/Hampshire

Has higher rates of Scrapie and Spider Lamb syndrome

Suffolk

More face cover; wool blindness; heavier fleeces; similar to hampshire

Shropshire

White meat breed; breed year round (accelerated lambing); horned or polled; reproductive advantage; increased popularity; milk well

Dorset

Hampshire X Cotswold; long heavy fleeces, black fiber

Oxford

oldest of English breeds; Small; good reproductive capabilities; will grow quickly early in life; high quality carcasses; too small for traditional US industry

Southdown

Old breed from Scotland; small erect ears; hardy and small; tough and durable;

Cheviot

Columbia X Cheviot; dual purpose; popular in midwest; white and bare leg; developed in US

Montadale

From Holland; Muscular breed; small; 90lbs and straight to slaughter

Texel

Prolific; good milkers; light muscle and slow growing; not good wool; small and frail; from Finland

Finnsheep

1/4 Rambo X 1/4 Dorset X 1/4 Finn X 1/4 Targhee; True composite sheep; white and polled; wool has value

Polypay

F-Gene

Booroola Merino

Black wool; prolific

Romanov

Parasite Resistance; Heat Tolerant; Shed Hair; Leather;

Hair Sheep

Polled; Tough; Brown with Black Belly

Barbado Blackbelly

True shedding hair sheep; good mothers; good prolificacy; will breed back while lactating; could have more than 1 lamb crop per year;

St Croix

Suffolk X St. Croix X Welsh Mountain; Good Hair sheep; Shedding; all colors

Katahdin

Larger and more productive than Barbado; all colors; important in Mexico and South America

Pelibuey

White Barbado; most are horned

Texas Dahl

Dorset X Persian Blackhead; white with black head; short, stout; NOT parasite resistant; not true hair sheep

Dorper

Dorper X St. Croix; Best cross; good muscle; improved carcasses; hybrid vigor;

Dorpcroix or Royal White

Which has fat tail sheep

Dorper

name the 5 important traits (economically)

adaptability; reproductive performance; growth rate; carcass merit; wool

most important ewe selection trait

adaptability

Which sheep reach puberty early (4)

Hair sheep, Dorset, Finnsheep, Polypay

Dorper

St. Croix

Katahdin

You are a producer in southeast TX. Your market is primarily a low input, climatically adapted lamb that will be slaughtered at 80-90 lbs and go to the ethnic market . List 3 breeds that would most effectively fit that marketing niche .

growth rate

free from genetic defects

highly fertile and aggressive

type score

You need terminal cross rams to use on fine wool ewes. You want to raise a lamb crop that will be fed through a feedlot and sold at 125-140 lbs to the packing plant. What are the 3 most important factors that you should consider when selecting the rams?

suffolk

hampshire

shropshire

What are your best 3 options as far as terminal sire breeds are concerned for the rams (for feedlot raised)?

adaptable

gregarious

longevity

breed out of season

do better in places with low rainfall

Why have the fine wool breeds of sheep been the predominant breed type for the ewe flock in the southwestern US?

the Texas Barbados (Dahl) is a Barbados Blackbelly with horns

What is the primary difference in the Texas Barbados and the Barbados Blackbelly?

lincoln

Which long wool breed has been used extensively in developing new breeds in the US?

Booroola Merinos have a single F-gene and Finnsheep are highly prolific from a group of genes

How does the inheritance of the high fertility of Finnsheep and Booroola Merinos differ?

Southdown

Cheviot

Texel

List 3 meat breeds that are too small to be used effectively in crossbreeding with commercial fine wool ewes in the US

Dorsets breed year round and have an overall reproductive advantage

In what crossbreeding scenario is the Dorset better than the Suffolk and Hampshire?

milking ability

reproduction

milking year round

What are 3 traits needed for a sheep to be a desirable dairy sheep?

prolific, excellent lamb survival, tough

dark wool, no value in wool, not important in US industry

list 3 strengths and 3 weaknesses of the Romanov breed

Katahdin

Barbados Blackbelly

Texas Dahl

Barbado

St. Croix

list 5 hair sheep breeds

ethnic markets

hot environments

places that are parasite prone

In what types of scenarios (3) would hair sheep be preferred above traditional meat or wool breeds?

Romney

Which long wool breed could you cross with your existing breed base that has a major foot rot problem to help alleviate it?

Lincoln

Cotswold

Romney

Leicester

4 long wool breeds

docking and castration

What common care practice is NOT performed on hair sheep?

spinning count

What system is used to grade wool?

medium

Match to term: French Comb

wash

Match to term: Scour

fine wool

Match to term: Break

hollow

Match to term: Kemp

clothing

Which market does the lowest length and value wool go to?

Grade

What influences $/lb?