stats test (Hypothesis Testing, t-tests, & CIs)

The hypothesis predicting that no difference exists between the groups being compared is the _____________.

null hypothesis

An alternative hypothesis in which the researcher predicts the direction of the expected difference between the groups is a __________.

one-tailed alternative hypothesis

An error in hypothesis testing in which the null hypothesis is rejected when it is true is a ____________.

type 1 error

When an observed difference, say between two means, is unlikely to have occurred by chance, we say that the result has __________

statistical significance 

Inferential statistics allow us to infer something about the __________ based on the
__________.

population; sample

The hypothesis predicting that differences exist between the groups being compared is the __________ hypothesis.

alternative

Null hypothesis is to alternative hypothesis as _________ is to _________

no effect; effect

A one-tailed hypothesis is to a directional hypothesis as _________ hypothesis is to
_______ hypothesis.

two-tailed, nondirectional

When using a one-tailed hypothesis, the researcher predicts

the direction of the expected difference between the groups

In a study of the effects of caffeine on driving performance, researchers predict that those in the group that is given more caffeine will exhibit worse driving performance. The
researchers are using a hypothesis

one tailed

In a recent study, researchers concluded that caffeine significantly increased anxiety
levels. What the researchers were unaware of, however, was that several of the participants in the no-caffeine group were also taking anti anxiety medications. The researchers’ conclusion is a(n) error.

type 1 error

When alpha is .05, this means that 

the probability of a Type I error is .05

A __________ is a distribution of sample means based on random samples of a fixed size from a population.

sampling

The __________ is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution

standard error

The set of distributions that, although symmetrical and bell-shaped, are not normally distributed is called the __________

t distribution

The __________ is a parametric statistical test of the null hypothesis for a single sample where the population variance is not known

single sample t test

Inferential statistics allow us to infer something about the _________ based on the
_________

population; sample

The sampling distribution is a distribution of:

sample means