Sensory Receptors and Structures in Human Anatomy: Nerve Endings, Eye, Ear, and Taste

What are the free nerve endings responsible for?

They are responsible for sensing warmth, cold, and pain (nociception).

What do tactile discs sense?

They sense light touch and pressure.

What is the function of hair root plexus?

It senses the movement of hairs.

What do tactile corpuscles detect?

They detect light touch and texture perception.

Where are end bulbs located?

They are located in mucous membranes.

What do bulbous corpuscles sense?

They skin stretch, and joint movement.

What do lamellar corpuscles detect?

They detect deep pressure, tickle, and vibration.

What is the role of muscle spindles?

They sense skeletal muscle stretch.

What do tendon organs sense?

They sense tendon stretch caused by muscle activity.

Where are taste buds primarily located?

They are primarily located on the tongue.

What are the types of lingual papillae?

Filiform, folate, fungiform, and vallate.

What is the function of olfactory neurons?

They have olfactory hairs with binding sites for odor molecules.

What structures are included in the outer ear?

Auricle (pinna), auditory canal, guard hairs, and cerumen.

What are the components of the middle ear?

Tympanic membrane, tympanic cavity, auditory tube, and auditory ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes).

What is the cochlea responsible for?

It is the organ of hearing.

What fluids are found in the membranous labyrinth?

Endolymph and perilymph.

What is the function of the vestibular apparatus?

It is responsible for equilibrium, coordination, balance, and orientation.

What do the saccule and utricle detect?

They detect linear acceleration and head position.

What are the three types of semicircular ducts?

Anterior, posterior, and lateral.

What is the function of the lacrimal apparatus?

It produces and drains tears.

What are the extrinsic eye muscles responsible for?

They control the movement of the eye.

What are the components of the fibrous tunic of the eyeball?

Sclera and cornea.

What is the role of the ciliary body?

It controls the shape of the lens and produces aqueous humor.

What is the function of the retina?

It contains photoreceptors (rods and cones) for vision.

What are rods responsible for?

They are responsible for night (scotopic) vision.

What do cones detect?

They are responsible for day (photopic) vision and color detection.

What is the optic nerve's role?

It transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.