5. Electronic Structure of Atoms and Ions

Explain the Term Atomic Orbital

Define orbital quantum numbers and their allowed values

Define orbital radial probability distributions

Describe what radial and angular nodes mean physically

Identify orbitals by name from 3D Diagrams

Identify orbitals by name from cross-sectional diagrams

Identify orbitals by name from radial probability distributions

Draw energy level diagrams for one-electron atoms and ions

Calculate the potential energy of attraction between the nucleus and the electron

V(r) ∝ - Z/r

Where Z = the atomic number of the nucleus and r is the distance between the particles.

Relationship between distance between particles and potential energy

As the distance (r) decreases, the magnitude of potential energy (V) increases. The forces between two charged particles are stronger at short distances.

Quantum Numbers