APWH Cram Packet: Period 6 Vocabulary

Flashcards covering vocabulary from Mrs. Osborn's APWH Cram Packet, Period 6 focusing on major events, figures, and concepts from 1900 to the present.

McWorld

Refers to the spread of American culture globally, sometimes viewed negatively as consumerism, greed, sex, and violence.

World War I Periodization

Marks the beginning of a period characterized by increased global interconnectedness through communication and transportation.

World War II

A global conflict rooted in unsettled business from World War I, differing significantly from previous wars.

Allied Powers (WWII)

Aided by Ethiopians and other North Africans in defeating the Germans.

Technology (WWII)

Came to dominate World War II with examples such as airplanes and tanks.

Aircraft Carriers

Allowed the United States navy to 'hop' from one set of island to the next in the Pacific.

Widespread Killing of Civilians (WWII)

Characterized by deliberate targeting of non-military people, such as through bombings of urban areas.

Nationalism

A major force in the 20th century, driving independence movements in Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia.

Blaise Diagne

Agitated for African participation in politics and fair treatment by the French army in Senegal.

African National Congress

Founded in South Africa in 1909 to defend the interests of Africans.

Haile Selassie

Led Ethiopian troops to reclaim his title after Italy took over Ethiopia.

Charles de Gaulle

Took the reins of France as president after the government was restructured due to its inability to fight the war in Algeria.

Kwame Nkrumah

Became the prime minister of Ghana in 1957 and started a Pan-African movement.

Jomo Kenyatta

A leader of Kenya, who started a Pan-African movement.

Apartheid

An attempt by European minorities in South Africa to keep natives in subservient and very separate roles in society.

Nelson Mandela

Became the first native president of South Africa in 1994.

Mohandas K. Gandhi

Also known as 'Mahatma,' he halted the downward spiral and gave Indians the moral high-ground over the British.

Ahimsa

Nonviolence: preached as a virtue by Gandhi.

Satyagraha

The search for truth: preached as a virtue by Gandhi.

Jawaharlal Nehru

Leader of the Indian National Congress, clashed with Muhammad Ali Jinnah.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

The leader of the Muslim League in India.

Sukarno

Nationalist leader in Indonesia who cooperated with the Japanese during World War II.

Ho Chi Minh

Communist leader who led his supporters against the French in Indochina.

Dienbienphu

Colonial stronghold captured in 1954, by Ho Chi Minh and his supporters.

Porfirio Diaz

A military general who enriched a small group of elites by allowing them to control agriculture.

Emiliano Zapata

A regional strongman who led peasants.

Pancho Villa

A regional strongman who led peasants.

Lazaro Cardenas

Took over as president of Mexico in 1934 and stabilized the country.

PRI

Umbrella political party that tightly controlled Mexican politics until the 1990s.

Getulio Vargas

Took over in Brazil in 1930, and instituted a highly authoritarian regime.

Juan Peron

Led a major coup in Argentina in 1943, supported by Nazi interests.

Fidel Castro

Led the Cuban Revolution in 1959.

Salvador Allende

The socialist president of Chile who was overthrown in a military coup led by General Augusto Pinochet in 1974.

Sandinistas

Socialist group that led a rebellion against the dictator of Nicaragua in 1979.

Contras

Counterrevolutionaries: The United States government, led by Ronald Reagan, supported Contras who unsuccessfully challenged the Sandinistas.

Globalization

Wealth to capitalists; loss of jobs to cheaper labor markets.

Demographic Transition Theory

A theory about population changes over time.

Deforestation

Loss of tropical rainforests.

Green/Environmental Movements

Non-profit organizations in the U.S.A.. e.g. Sierra Club, Greenpeace

Marxist Revolutions

20th Century Revolutions, characteristics include Marxist, anti-Western, peasant and religious.

Duma

Overthrow of Czar Nicholas II and establishment of provisional government led by the Duma.

Social Darwinist philosophies

Social legacies of colonialism.

Dependency

Patterns of economic development.

Karl Marx

A Marxist Philosopher.

Cold War Ideology

The notion of the 'West' and 'the East' in the context of it.