3.1 risks + symptoms + diagnosis + managment

Risk factors for NAFLD include:

• over 50 years old

• obesity

• poor diet

• low activity levels

• type 2 diabetes

• polycystic ovary syndrome

• increased cholesterol

• increased blood pressure

• smoking

condition is gnerally asymptomatic and is often revealed wne a person has a blood test but there are possible indications

• Fatigue

• Generally feeling unwell

• Abdominal discomfort (especially in the upper right quadrant)

• Unexplained weight loss

• Elevated liver enzymes.

diagnosis invludes

• taking a medicla history

• blood tests

• liver ultrasouns

• various algorithm-based methods

• transient elastography

• liver biopsy

Taking a medical history

to evaluate alcohol intake and risk factors (e.g., obesity, diabetes)

Blood Tests

such as liver  function Tests (LFT)  and lipid profile. For example, a raised alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is often a first indication.

Liver Ultrasound

can confirm a diagnosis of hepatic steatosis but does not indicate the severity  of the condition and can show normal results in NAFLD.

Various algorithm-based methods

, for example the NAFLD fibrous score which uses data based on age, BMI, liver enzymes ALT/AST ( asperate aminotransferase), platelets, albumin and diabetes.

Transient elastography (Fibroscan)

which checks the stiffness of the liver or the degree of scarring

liver biopsy

is considered in patients with suspected NASH to assess inflammation and fibrosis 

Lifestyle modifications including a low-calorie, balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains (NICE recommends dietary interventions).

This will stop the build up of fat in the liver, reapir any damage and stop the condition getting worse.

At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise is also recommended.

Further information on dietary and healthy lifestyle advice can be found on The British Liver Trust website.

These changes will also reduce the risk of some other conditions that are linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,

including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and type 2 diabetes.

there is mo specific medication for NAFLD

however under specialist supervison

Vitamin E can be used for patients without diabetes

to reduce liver enzymes, fat accumulation and inflammation.

Pioglitazone for  type 2 diabetes patients

 with NASH and advanced fibrosis.

watch video

further infromaiton