Statistics 1.1-1.3

data

a collection of observations

statistics

set of rules used to obtain information through studies/experiments

population

all elements in a group that is studied

sample

sub-collection of population

census

collection of every member of population

statistical significance

likelihood of events occurring 5% or less

practical significance

an observed relationship that is large enough to be of value in a realistic sense

parameter

numerical value drawn from population

statistic

numerical value drawn from sample

quantitative data

consists of numbers representing measurements

categorical data

consists of names or labels

discrete data

anything you count

continuous data

anything you measure

nominal

only labeling and names

ordinal

ranks and order

interval

differences are meaningful

ratio

differences are meaningful (ex: duration