AP World History Modern Speed Review

AP World History flashcards for exam review.

Song Dynasty

Ruling dynasty in East Asia from 1200-1450 using Neo-Confucianism and the civil service exam.

Buddhism

Belief system prominent in East Asia during the Song Dynasty.

Champa Rice

Fast-ripening rice variety that increased food production during the Song Dynasty.

Sultanates

Islamic kingdoms established after the fall of the Abbasid Caliphate.

Sufism

Mystical branch of Islam.

Incas

Empire that centralized power through a road system and the mit'a labor system.

Aztecs

Empire that centralized power through human sacrifice and agriculture on chinampas.

Silk Road

Trade route connecting East and West, facilitating the exchange of luxury goods.

Kashgar and Samarkand

Trading cities along the Silk Road.

Banking houses and flying cash

Economic innovations along the Silk Road.

Indian Ocean Trade

Maritime version of the Silk Road, facilitating trade and cultural exchange.

Diaspora

Communities of people living outside their homeland.

Zheng He

Chinese admiral who made voyages along the Indian Ocean trade route.

Monsoon Winds

Seasonal winds that influenced trade in the Indian Ocean.

Trans-Saharan Trade

Trade route connecting Dar al-Islam to Sub-Saharan Africa.

Ibn Battuta

A famous traveler along the Trans-Saharan trade route.

Bubonic Plague, Champa Rice, and Citrus Fruits

Environmental consequences of trade routes.

Qing Dynasty

Dynasty established by the Manchus after invading China.

Queue haircut

Symbol of loyalty to the Manchus.

Banner System

System used by the Manchus to centralize power.

Fall of Constantinople

Conquest by the Ottomans in 1453

Janissaries

Ottoman army built through the devshirme system.

Tax Farming

Practice of selling the right to tax to the highest bidder in the Ottoman Empire.

Akbar the Great

Religiously tolerant Mughal ruler.

Safavids

Shia empire located between the Ottomans and Mughals.

Protestant Reformation

Religious split in Europe during the 1500s.

Sikhism

New religion based on the teachings of Guru Nanak, combining Hinduism and Islam.

Caravels

Portuguese and Spanish ships used for exploration

Flauts

Dutch ships used for exploration

Astrolabes

Islamic tool used for exploration

Compasses

Chinese tool used for exploration

Portuguese Empire

Empire that sought a route around Africa and control of the spice trade.

Vice Royalties

Areas ruled by a vice king or viceroy in the Spanish Empire.

Encomienda System

New World feudalism practiced by the Spanish.

Columbian Exchange

Exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World and the New World.

Joint Stock Companies

Government sponsored monopolies where anyone could invest.

British East India Company

British company that dominated South Asia.

Dutch VOC

Dutch company that dominated the spice trade.

Casta System

System that built a hierarchy where Africans, Americans, and Europeans were living together in the New World

Nationalism

The idea that a nation should run the state.

Industrial Revolution

Revolution that started in Great Britain due to the right mix of access to resources, capital, and urban areas.

James Watt

Improved this with his steam engine that made a movable power source that could power anything: machines, boats, trains, you name it

Governments implementing industrialization

The most successful of these happened during the Meiji Restoration, and it put Japan on the road to a global powerhouse

Karl Marx

Championed the plight of the new working class who envisioned a world where the worker rose up and seized the means of production

Imperialism

New industrial powerhouses are about to turn those old trading posts into massive empires due to this.

Excuses for expanding empires

Racist policies and religious civilizing missions

Settler colonies

One key term for this unit, look at Britain. Tiny. Look at Australia. It's a freaking continent. Britain sends a small amount of people to settle there.

Imperialism in Africa

The Berlin conference in Africa determined the future of Africa for centuries.

Imperialism in India

The seapoy mutiny in India and the switch from the private East India company to the government rule of the British Raj.

Imperialism in China

Opium Wars, Taiping Rebellions, Sino Japanese Wars, Boxer Rebellions.

Economic domination without physically taking over

Look at the Banana Republics or the British and French in China during the Opium Wars would economically dominate an area using their industrial economic advantages without physically taking over.

Export economies

Began to focus on cotton, rubber, palm oil, and poop. I mean, guano. These are the raw materials these empires are craving in Unit six

Enclaves

Migrants begin setting up full scale enclaves like Little Italy in New York City or Chinatown in, like, every major city on the planet.

Total war

This led to media restrictions of propaganda like this or this or this to mobilize populations into supporting the war.

Mass Atrocities

The College Board only mentions the Holocaust by name, and it is by far the largest of these atrocities, but it might be helpful for you on the exam to know a few others

Cold War

Split the world after World War two with two dueling ideologies, the Americans with their capitalism and democracy and the Soviets with their dictatorship and communism

NATO

The American side formed this alliance

Warsaw Pact

The Soviet side formed this alliance

Non Aligned Movement

A third non aligned group called this led by places like India, Egypt, and Ghana

The Cold War

USA versus USSR never happened during this

Decolonization

Anti imperialist rage spills over into this unit, where most of those empires will go away.

The United Nations

Called for states the right to self determination

Unit Nine

In this unit focuses on how economies push for more free market policies like Dang did in China or in Chile