week 7 - metabolic syndrome and multimorbidity

midstream condition

• a condition between behavioural risk factors and disease

• no apparent/specific signs and symptoms

• a risk factor for may other diseases

• diagnosis criteria varies

anabolism

how living organized substances are built up and maintained

catabolism

how large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules to make energy available to the organism

metabolic condition/disease

disease caused by some defect in the chemical reactions of the cells of the body

metabolic syndrome

existence of at least 3 out of 5 metabolic abnormalities

syndrome

a combination of signs/symptoms caused by the same underlying condition or a condition characterized by a set of associated symptoms and/or signs

disease

a physiological or psychological dysfunction at a biological level

illness

a subjective state of a person who feels aware of not being well

sickness

a state of social dysfunction of a person with a disease or a result of being defined by others are “unhealthy”

5 abnormalities for metabolic syndrome

• hypertension (increased blood pressure)

• high triglycerides

• central obesity / large waistline

• low HDL (good cholesterol)

• glucose intolerance / elevated fasting blood sugar

multiple risk factor clustering syndrome

emerged in the 1960s from the Framingham study

insulin resistance syndrome / syndrome X

emerged in the 1980s-90s from Reaven and DeFronzo, focused on diabetes

when was metabolic syndrome proposed

early 21st century

index condition

principal or main condition

comorbidity

index condition plus other non-index conditions

multimorbidity

there is no index or principal condition