Bone Composition-Part 1

What are the 4 components of the skeletal system?

bones, cartilage, ligaments, other CT

What are bones?

primary organs of the skeletal system, rigid framework of the body

What is compact bone?

dense outer layer of bone, 80% of bone mass

What are two other names for compact bone?

dense or cortical

What is spongy bone?

internal to compact bone, has holes in it, 20% of bone mass

What is cartilage?

semirigid connective tissue, more flexible than bone

What are the two types of cartialge?

hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage

What is hyaline cartilage?

covers the ends of some bones, within growth plates. model for bone formation, attaches ribs to sternum

What is fibrocartilage?

Weight-bearing cartilage that withstands compression, intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, menisci of knee.

What are ligaments?

Connect bone to bone

What are tendons?

Connect muscle to bone

What are the functions of bone?

support, protection, levers for movement, hemopoiesis, storage of mineral and energy reserves

What is hemopoiesis?

blood cell production, occurs in red bone marrow connective tissue

What minerals and energy reserves are stored by bone?

calcium and phosphate

What are the four classes of bone by shape?

long, short, flat, irregular

What do long bones look like?

longer than they are wide

What do short bones look like?

length nearly equal to width

What do flat bones look like?

flat, thin surfaces, may be slightly curved

What do irregular bones look like?

elaborate, sometimes complex shapes

What is an example of a long bone?

femur and humerus

What is an example of a short bone?

carpals and tarsals

What is an example of a flat bone?

cranial bones, ribs

What is an example of an irregular bone?

vertebrae