Chem: Section 4.1- Renal Function
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/22
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai | Chat |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
23 Terms
decreased urine volume (
oliguria
excessive production of urine *due to a kidney problem* (>3000 mL/day)
diuresis
absence of urination
anuria
painful/difficulty urinating
dysuria
excessive urination at night
nocturia
increased urination (>3000 mL/day)
polyuria
increased nitrogen products in blood
azotemia
urine in the blood
uremia
the rate at which a substance is filtered from the blood of glomerular capillary into the urine filtrate of Bowman's space; a measurement of overall renal disease
glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
What is the normal GFR?
125 mL/min
a measurement of the excretion or removal of a chemical from the body
clearance
the volume of plasma at which a measured amount of substance can be completely eliminated into the urine per unit of time
clearance
What is the approximate amount of blood that flows into the renal arteries per minute?
the kidneys receive about ¼ of the cardiac output which is *1200 mL/minute*
What is the approximate amount of urine produced by an adult per day?
800-2000 mL/day (more like 1200-1500 mL/day)
____% of the blood that goes through the kidney is actually filtered
25%
How is a clearance test used to assess renal function?
use substances with a known renal handling property to evaluate the effectiveness of the kidney to filter substances out of the blood
What is the criteria for determining which analyte should be used for renal clearance testing?
The best substance to use as a reference for glomerular clearance is a chemical that is *filtered completely through the glomerulus* and *not reabsorbed* through the nephron tubule.
Why is creatinine a good analyte for renal clearance testing?
Relatively low amounts are reabsorbed and production is constant over time; endogenous
pressure exerted by the weight of the fluid; moves urine through the body
hydrostatic pressure
Glomerulus pores exclude substances with a molecular radius of more than ___nm
4nm
What is filtration based on?
mostly size, but charge to some extent
Water makes up ___% of the substances in urine
95%
What can be assumed from a decreasing GFR?
Progressively decreasing GFR is an indicator of *diminishing renal function* and *increasing severity of disease*.