Catholic Morality unit 3: Sin

Anger (wrath)

A strong anger that makes us want to seek revenge and prevents reconciliation, one of the capital sins.

Capital sins

Seven sins that are particularly harmful because they lead to and reinforce other sins and vices. The seven are traditionally called pride, covetousness (greed), envy, anger (wrath), gluttony, lust, and sloth.

Circumstances

The specific conditions of facts affecting a moral decision, circumstances can increase or decrease the good/evil of a action

Common good

Social condition that allow for all citizens of the earth, individuals and families to meet basic needs and achieve fulfillment

Elect

Adults preparing to receive Baptism, Confirmation, and the Eucharist at the Easter Vigil who have been affirmed by the Church in the rite of election on the first Sunday of Lent.

Envy

Resentment that we direct at others who have some success, thing, or privilege that we want for ourselves.

Faith

The gift of God by which one freely accepts the full revelation of Jesus Christ.

Gluttony

Excessive eating or drinking; overindulgence and over consumption of anything to the point of waste

Greed (covetousness)

Hoarding money and objects beyond what we need

Hope

Virtue by which we trust the promise of God and expect from God both external life and the grace we need to attain it.

Intention

Intended outcome or goal of the person choosing the object when making a moral decision

Love

The human longing for God and a selfless commitment to supporting the dignity and humanity of all people simply because they are created in God's image. Also called 'charity' and one of the theological virtues

Lust

Undisciplined, unchecked desire for self-enjoyment, especially of a sexual nature

Mortal sin

An action so contrary to the will of God that it results in a complete separation from God and his grace. As a consequence of that separation, the person is condemned to eternal death.

Object

In moral design making, the object is the specific thing- an act, word, or thought- that is being chosen

Pride

Believing you are better than others, often resulting in despising or disrespecting other people. Pride is the root of all sins, including those of disobedience committed by Satan and Adam and Eve

Scrutinies

Rituals for the elect that are meant to "uncover, then heal, all that is weak, defective, or sinful in the hearts of the elect" (Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults, 141); celebrated on the third, fourth, and fifth Sundays of Lent.

Sin

Any deliberate offense, in thought, word, or deed, against the will of God. Sin wounds human nature and injures human solidarity. The Bible reveals sin as rebellion against God (Old Testament); missing the goal of living in harmony with God's Eternal Law (Old Testament); a trespass or transgression against God's Law (New Testament).

Sin of commission

a sin that is the direct result of a freely chosen thought, word, or deed

Sin of omission

a sin that is the result of a failure to do something required by God's moral law

Sloth

Habitual laziness; failing to put forth effort and take action

Social justice

The defense of human dignity by ensuring that essential human needs are met and that essential human rights are protected; to fight against social sin.

Social sin

The continuous effect of many personal sins over time, which corrupts society and its institutions by creating a "structure of sin".

Venial sin

A less serious offense against the will of God that diminishes one's personal character and weakens but does not rupture one's relationship with God.

Vice

A practice or habit that leads a person to sin.

Virtue

A habitual and firm disposition to do good.

Old Testament Definitions of Sin

Sin is rebelling against God like Adam and Eve & sin is missing the goal of living a life that is in a harmony with God

Definition of Sin

rebellion/missing the mark and trespass/light and truth.

Hattah

missing the mark, our target should be doing God's will

Pesha

"rebellion" "hard-hearted" Rebellion as pride

Awon

"guilt" / "Iniquity" Consequences of sin that causes permanent damage to the sinner

3 Traditional Types of Sin

Original, Personal (mortal and venial), and Social

7 Capital Sins

Envy, Gluttony, Greed, Lust, Pride, Sloth, Wrath (anger) Pride is the worst

Concupiscence

Concupiscence is left over from original sin and is the inclination towards sin

Conditions of Mortal sin

Grave Matter-Object, Full Knowledge-Circumstance, Complete Consent-Intention/Circumstance; Sin increases the more you sin; Want to sin more and you don't realize you are sinning

Occasion of sin

Any person, place, or thing that of its nature, or because of human faith, can lead one to do wrong. Remote/Near(probable) > you need courage

Penance

attitude of the heart, regretting the past and committing to change

Contrition

The act of recognizing our sin, turning away, and making a commitment not to sin again

Absolution

Priest pardons our sins in confession in the name of God & the church

What conditions must be met so that a sin is mortal?

the act must involve grave matter, the person must have full knowledge of the evil of the act, and the person must give his or her full consent in committing the act.