Sucess and Failure / Cause and effect

make a breakthrough

tạo nên đột phá (1)

make a huge improvement

tiến bộ to lớn

make excellent progress

tạo nên đột phá (2)

Do excellent work

làm tốt công việc

A remarkable / noticeable / outstanding / considerable / significant achievement

thành tựu nổi bật / đáng chú ý

Impressive achievement

thành tựu nổi bật

crowning achievement

= perfect achivement

Grasp (v)

1, take a strong hold of st / sb : nắm chặt 

ex: He grasp my hand and shock it warmly

2, understand st completely ( nắm đc vấn đề )

ex: She was unable to grasp how to do it

= see , get  , comprehend , follow , catch

Grasp

(n) a person’s understanding of a subject / facts ( kiến thức , hiểu biết về cái gì )

Have / get a good grasp of st

có kiến thức rộng rãi về cái gì

Have a poor / limit / basic grasp of st

kiến thức hạn chế / cơ bản về cái gì

Come in useful

be useful in particular situation ( hữu ích )

ex: Jane has an excellent grasp of French . This will come in useful for the school trip to France

Take advantage of

tận dụng cái gì

ex : He will take advantage of the opportunities to speak english in america

Do well

(school ) học giỏi

( business) = make a profit ( có lợi nhuận )

Do badly

(school ) học dốt

(business) make a loss ( thua lỗ )

Pass the exam with a flying colour

= high points ( vượt qua bài ktra với số điểm cao bất ngờ )

Has ability to explain difficult ideas clearly to less able pupils

có khả năng giải thích cho những học sinh kém

enjoy fruits of hard work

= enjoy good results of hard work ( tận hưởng thành quả của việc chăm chỉ )

ex : He can enjoy the fruits of his many years of hard work

Win the respect of sb

dành đc sự tôn trọng từ ai

ex: Henry has won respect of his colleagues

Win the sympathy

có đc sự đồng cảm

Fail miserably

(v phr) thất bại nhục nhã , ê chề

Dash

(v) throw st , push sb , make st fall or beat st violently onto a hard surface ( đập mạnh , ném mạnh )

ex: She dashed the bottle to the ground

Dash the hope

= ruin the hope ( đập tan hy vọng )

ex: Hopes that the play would enjoy a long run in London were dashed

Go badly wrong

trục trặc , thất bại

ex: The mountaineers attempt to climb Mt Everest went badly wrong

Dismal

(adj) causing the feeling of being bad= gloomy , miserable ( u ám , tồi tệ)

ex: Dismal weather 

ex: Dismal mood 

A dismal performance / result

thất bại thảm hại

Lose sb’s nerve

nhụt chí

ex: At the last moment the Olympic ski jumper lost his nerve and did not take part in the competition

Miss the point

lạc đề

ex: The president’s speech was disappointing as it totally missed the point 

havoc

(n) a situation in which things are seriously damaged , destroyed ( thảm họa )

ex: The earthquake caused havoc throughout the area

bring about

(v) 1, dẫn đến / gây ra ( negative )

2, mang lại / mang đến ( positive )

ex: The discovery of X-rays brought about a revolution in medical science

Demonstrate (1)

1, show st

2, explain how stworks

Demonstrate for

biểu tình để ủng hộ

Demonstrate against

biểu tình để chống lại

appeal sb

attract sb ( thu hút ai )

appeal (n)

sự thu hút , lời kêu gọi

Immediate future

near future

Immediate cause

(v) direct cause ( nguyên nhân trực tiếp )

Mitigate ( the impact / effect )

giảm thiểu ảnh hưởng từ bên ngoài

outcome

1, đầu ra ( tiền )

2,= result

love affair

(n) vụ ngoài tình

Inevitable

(adj) ko thể tránh khỏi

ex: It is inevitable that vietnamese government changes the property llaw

Adverse

(adj) = bad , harmful , damaging , negative

ex: Adverse effects

ex : Adverse weather conditions

Provoke an outcry

dấy lên sự phản đối

ex: Provoke a storm of protest

Provoke sb to do st

khiêu khích ai để người đó làm gì 

ex: My client was provoked to hit the man

breed st

= cause st

ex: Poverty breeds crime 

breed the young / eggs

sinh đẻ

breed resentment

sinh ra sự thù hận

ex: If teacher show favouritism , it breeds resentment

Plant A in B

make sb believe / think st ( without realizing ) ( gieo rắc cái gì vào ai )

ex: Plant doubt in sb’s mind

Prompt st

= spark / provoke / cause

ex: Prompt speculation ( dấy lên nghi ngờ )

Prompt sb to so st

make sb decide to do st ( thúc giục ai làm gì ) 

ex: The coming summer prompts me to lose weight 

Prompt (adj)

on time

ex: She is prompt in the appointment

Set the wheels in motion

= start st

Wreak st on sb / st

do great harm to sb / st ( gây hại nghiêm trọng )

ex: These insects can wreak havoc on  crops

ex: The policy would wreak havoc on the economy

Spell disaster

gây ra thảm họa nghiêm trọng

Compel sb to do st

= force sb to do st ( ép ai làm gì )

ex: My mother compels me to get married early

compulsory

(adj) bắt buộc

ex: Compulsory subject / regulations

Compelling

(adj,c1, o lq đến đtu compel )

1,persuading , resonable ( that makes you think it is true ) ( thuyết phục , hợp lí )

ex: Compelling evidence / reason

2, interesting / fascinating ( that make people pay attetion to st ) ( hấp dẫn )

ex: A compelling story / book

Dire 

(adj) very serious / disastrous 

ex: Dire consequences 

Cutbacks in st

= a reduction in st ( sự giảm trong cái gì )

ex: There have been substantial staff cutbacks to save money  

Breakdown

(c1) a failure of a relationship , discussion or system ( sự sụp đổ của cái gì )

ex: A breakdown on the motorway

ex: Marriage breakdown