Cranium and Cranial Nerves

Optic Canal

Optic Nerve (CN II)

Superior Orbital Fissure

Oculomotor Nerve (CN III)

Trochlear Nerve (CN IV)

Abducens Nerve (CN VI)

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V-1)

Inferior Orbital Fissure

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V-2)

Zygomaticofacial Foramen

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V-2)

Infraorbital Foramen

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V-2)

Mental Foramen

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V-3)

Foramen Ovale

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V-3)

Stylomastoid Foramen

Facial Nerve (CN VII)

Jugular Foramen

Internal Jugular Vein

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)

Vagus Nerve (CN X)

Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

Foramen Magnum

Medulla Oblongota

Meninges

Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

Carotid Canal

Internal Carotid Artery

Anterior Fossa

Frontal Lobe

Middle Fossa

Temporal Lobe

Posterior Fossa

Cerebellum

Anterior Ethmoidal Foramen

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V-1)

Posterior Ethmodial Foramen

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V-1)

Cribiform Plate

About 20 bundls of nerve fibers of Olfactory Nerve (CN I)

Foramen Rotundum

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V-2)

Hypoglossal Canal

Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)

Foramen Spinosum

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V-3 meningeal branch)

Levator Palpebrae Superioris

Origin: lesser wing of sphenoid bone, superior and anterior to optic canal

Insertion: superior tarsus and skin of superior eyelid

Innervation: oculomotor nerve (CN III); deep layer (superior tarsal muscle) supplied by sympathetic fibers

Action: elevates superior eyelid

Superior Oblique (SO)

Origin: body of sphenoid bone

Insertion: tendon passes through trochlea to insert into sclera, deep to SR

Innervation: trochlear nerve (CN IV)

Action: rotates downward (and out)

Inferior Oblique (IO)

Origin: anterior part of floor of orbit

Insertion: sclera deep to LR muscle

Innervation: oculomotor nerve (CN III)

Action: rotates upward (and out)

Superior Rectus (SR)

Origin: common tendinous ring

Insertion: sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction

Innervation: oculomotor nerve (CN III)

Action: elevates, adducts, and rotates eyeball medially (intorsion)

Inferior Rectus (IR)

Origin: common tendinous ring

Insertion: sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction

Innervation: oculomotor nerve (CN III)

Action: depresses, adducts, and rotates eyeball laterally (extorsion)

Medial Rectus (MR)

Origin: common tendinous ring

Insertion: sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction

Innervation: oculomotor nerve (CN III)

Action: adducts eyeball

Lateral Rectus

Origin: common tendinous ring

Insertion: sclera just posterior to corneoscleral junction

Innervation: abducent nerve (CN VI)

Action: abducts eyeball

Cranial Nerves (I-XII)

I: olfactory (oh/some)

II: optic (oh/say)

III: oculomotor (oh/marry)

IV: trochlear (to/money)

V: trigeminal (touch/but)

VI: abducens (and/my)

VII: facial (feel/brother)

VIII: vestibulocochlear (very/says)

IX: glossopharyngeal (good/big)

X: vagus (velvet/brains)

XI: accessory (A/matter)

XII: hypoglossal (H/most)

Olfactory Nerve (CN I)

smell

type: sensory

Optic Nerve (CN II)

sight

type: sensory

Oculomotor Nerve (CN III)

eyes movement (SR, IR, MR, IO), pulpillary constriction, accomodation, eyelid opening (levator palpebrae)

type: motor

Trochlear Nerve (CN IV)

eye movement (SO)

type: motor

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)

mastication, facial sensation (ophthalmic, maxillary, mandibular divisions), somatosensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue

type: both sensory and motor

Abducens Nerve (CN VI)

eye movement (LR)

type: motor

Facial Nerve (CN VII)

facial movement, taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue, lacrimation, salivation, eyelid closing (orbicularis oculi), auditory volume modulation

type: both sensory and motor

Vestibulocohlear Nerve (CN VIII)

hearing, balance

type: sensory

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX)

taste and sensation from posterior 1/3 of tongue, swallowing, salivation, monitoring carotid body and sinus chemo- and baroreceptors, and elevation of pharynx/larynx

type: both sensory and motor

Vagus Nerve (CN X)

taste from supraglottic region, swallowing, soft palate elevation, midline uvula, talking, cough reflex, parasympathetics to thoracoabdominal viscera, monitoring aortic arch chemo- and baroreceptors

type: both sensory and motor

Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

head turning, shoudler shrugging (SCM, trapezius)

type: motor

Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)

tongue movement

type: motor