Chapter 12: substance-related and addictive disorders

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD)

• a pervasive pattern being orderly, perfectionism and inflexible that gets represented by excessive worrying, indecisiveness and behavioural rigidity

• elements of perfectionism

  • difficulty discarding objects-hoarding

  • rigidity and stubbornness-have to do things the same way

  • excessive perfectionist

OCPD video

• woman talked about the pattern and behaviours of perfectionism

• spend lot sof time on orderliness and doing things how you are told

• not open to changes of plans

• need at least 4 or more of 8 symptoms

  • preoccuaption with details

  • perfectionism

  • excessive devoted to work

  • overconscousness

  • hoarding of worthless products

  • reluctant to delegate tasks

  • adopts spending styles

  • shows rigidity and stubbornness

• different from OCD, with OCPD they like feeling this way as it is comforting to them

what is not a feature of OCPD

• compulsive behaviours such as washing hands a certain number of times

individuals with depression tend to make … attributions for the causes of negative events

• internal, stable and global

catherine has been diagnosed with intellectual developmental disorder. she goes to a regular school instead of attending special classes. this educational philosophy that places catherine in a regular set up in society is and example of

• mainstreaming

which of the following categories of medicine is shown to be most effective for social anxiety disorder

• SSRI or SNRI

caffeine withdrawal can result in all of the following symptoms

• headaches

• irritability

• fatigue

selective mutism

• a disorder originating in childhood in which a person can use normal language but refuses to talk under some circumstances

alcohol is a nervous system stimulant or depressant?

• depressant because it slows down brain activity, memory and thinking clearly

substance use disorder

• the DSM-5-TR uses this term as the official diagnostic term

the average perosn metabolizes alcohol at a rate equivalent to

• one ounce of whiskey an hour

what are the reasons the term addiction is not used in the DSM-5-TR

• It has negative connotations

• it is not precise

When a person experiences abstinence syndrome following extensive consumption of alcohol, the amount of abstinence syndrome they experience depends on

• the persons metabolic rate

• the amount of alcohol consumed

wernicke’s disease

• An acute and potentially reversible condition involving delirium, eye movement disturbances, difficulties in movement and balance, and deterioration of the peripheral nerves to the hands and feet because of a thiamine deficiency caused by chronic alcohol use is

korsakoff’s syndrome

• a permanent form of dementia and is associated with long-term, heavy alcohol use

Greta went to a party and drank an excessive amount of alcohol, which resulted in nausea, vomiting, tremors, headache, and dizziness the next day. This is described as a "hangover" or, more clinically

• abstinence syndrome

retrograde amnesia

• amnesia involving loss of memory for past events

anterograde amnesia

• amnesia involving the inability to remember new information

potention

• The term potention describes the effect that occurs when alcohol is combined with other drugs and the effects of the drugs taken together are greater than the effect of either substance taken alone.

naltrexone

• reduces alcohol consumption by blocking the effects of the body’s production of alcohol-induced opioids

Which of the following medications is used in aversion therapy in which a person experiences unpleasant physical reactions after consuming alcohol while taking the medication?

• disulfiram

As people consume greater amounts of alcohol, they become more likely to make risky choices based on the rewards of the moment rather than considering longer-term consequences. This is best described as

• alcohol myopia theory

What is the basic idea behind the dual-process theory?

• the more people can inhibit automatic impulses, the less likely they are to drink excessive amounts

alcohol myopia theory

• proposes that as individuals consume greater amounts of alcohol, they are mroe liekly to make risky choices because the immediate temptations of the moment overcomes the long-term consequences of the behaviour

AUDIT

• commonly used assessment for alcohol use disorder

modules available in the “DrinkLess” smartphone app include

• weekly drink reduction goal setting

• self-monitoring and feedback

• cognitive bias retraining

In a 2-year study of more than 800 adolescents, those who received ______ were less likely to consume alcohol

• high levels of social support from their families

what describes the action of caffeine in the body?

• it activates the sympathetic nervous system through increasing the production of adrenaline