Final Exam 2

Reproduction

Male reproductive Organs (Gonads)?

Testes

Funtions Testes?

Produce sex cells (gametes)

secrete sex hormones

Where are testes found?

In scrotum outside of body

What is inside of Testes?

Seminferous Tubules

• sperm production

Sertoli Cells

Spermaatogonia

Interstitial cells

How is sperm formed?

Spermogenesis

Hypothalmus Release GTRH

Anterior Pit Gland Release

FSH LH

Seritoli cells Lexdig

ABP Test

ABP and test bind

Sperm stem cell made

B- cells

what does maturation do as getting to lumen of Seminiferus Tubules

Matures more?

How often is sperm formed?

5 weeks to form 4 sperm

1500 sperm produced/ second

What makes up a sperm cell?

Head

• DNA

• Acromosome- enzyme for increased fertilization

Midpeice

• Mitochondriea for ATP

Tail

• Flafellum for movemet using ATP

What is the Gonad of Femal

Ovary

what do the accesory ducts do?

Carry egg and sperm

What are Ovarian Follicles?

each contains Occyte (immature Egg)

ratio of Occyte to follicle is 1:1

How do women make Eggs?

Born with all of them

stall in meiosis 1 until maturation

Whst is Oogenesis? How many at a time? What happens if not fertilized?

Process of egg creation (more like maturation)

Mostly one at a time

shedes as menes during menstrual cycle

what are the 2 cycles called?

Ovarian Cycle- which drives menstrual cycle maturation of egg

Menstrual Cycle- pepair uterus for fertilized egg

how do eggs mature?

takes about 365 days

1. Primordial Follicle

2. Primary Follicle

3. Secondary Follicle

4. Antral/ Vesicular/ Tertiary Follicle

What is the ovarian cycle?

once every 28 days

Hypothalamus produces more GNRH

to anterior pituitary gland'

which releases more LH and FSH

20 follicles begin to mature

LH and FSH levels drop- only stronges follicle will survive

become tertiary follicle

released ovulated

where does fertilixation occur?

Sperm gets oocyte in the fallopian tube

What are some issues?

Egg can get lost, wont develop

fallopian tube to narrow for ovum- sterility

What is an epitopic pregnecy and what must be done?

egg mature in fallopain tube

so pills will be used to induce labor pre maturely( abortion)

Salpingectomy- Removal of fallopain tube partial or total

how long for ovum to get through fallopain tubes to uterus?

3-5 days ovum can attach to uterine wall but it must be ready

What does the menstrual cycle do?

Thickining of Uterine wall

do to increases estrogen and progesterone

linked to ovarian cycle

Will it be implanted?

yes keep the uterine wall thick

No shed that wall decrease est and progest

linked to ovarian

What is the corpus Luteum?

from ovarian cycle

Ruptured follicle

Rleases Progesterone and estrogen

what are Uterine wall?

Perimetrium- outer layer

Myometrium- SM

Endometrium- Inner Mucosal layer

• Basal Layer

• Functional layer- changes thickness

what happens when fertilized egg attaches?

Then the corpus leteum

remains for 12 weeks until placenta can take over horomone duties

keeps progesterone and estrogen high

inhibits FSH LH

doing what?

no attachment then lasts 10 days