Data and Knowledge Management Overview

Traditional File Organization

Data organized in specialized files for specific applications.

Database Approach

Centralized data storage shared by multiple applications.

Data Management Systems

Systems that organize and control data resources.

Data Resource Management

Function planning and controlling organizational data.

Data Redundancy

Duplicate data stored in multiple locations.

Data Inconsistency

Different values for the same attribute across files.

Program-Data Dependence

Data changes require corresponding program updates.

Lack of Flexibility

Extensive programming needed for report generation.

Poor Security

Limited control over data access and management.

Lack of Data Sharing

Information in separate files cannot be easily accessed.

Database Management System (DBMS)

Software that interfaces between users and databases.

Examples of DBMS

Microsoft Access, Oracle, MySQL, SyBASE.

Business Intelligence (BI)

Data analysis for strategic business decision-making.

Data Warehouses

Central repositories for integrated data analysis.

Online Transactions

E-commerce systems conducting transactions over the internet.

ATM Machine System

Allows cash withdrawal from various bank databases.

E-Banking System

Online banking services for account management.

Data Retrieval

Process of accessing and extracting data from databases.

Data Access

Methods for users to interact with stored data.

Data Reporting

Generating summaries and insights from data.

Digital Data Management

Organizing, storing, and retrieving digital information.

Corporate Data Use

Strategic application of data for business decisions.

Search Engine Functionality

Searching databases to match user keywords.

Online Product Catalogs

Web-based listings of available products for sale.

Chat Rooms

Online platforms for real-time communication.

Data Integrity

Consistency and accuracy of data across systems.

DBMS

Database Management System for organizing data.

Data Modification

Changing data without knowing its physical location.

Data Security

Protection of data through codes and passwords.

Shared Resources

Cost-sharing of software and personnel across users.

Database Complexity

Increased difficulty in setup and operation.

Failure Recovery

Challenges in restoring databases after failures.

DBMS Cost

Higher expenses for purchasing and maintaining DBMS.

Transaction Tracking

Monitoring transactions like orders and payments.

Data Warehouse

Centralized database collecting enterprise-wide information.

Data Mart

Subset of data warehouse focused on specific areas.

OLAP

Online Analytical Processing for multidimensional analysis.

Data Mining

Automated discovery of patterns in data.

Character

Basic unit of information, e.g., 'A', '4'.

Field

Descriptive data element, e.g., name or number.

Record

Collection of related fields in a database.

File

Group of related records stored together.

Database

Organized collection of files for data management.

Data Analysis

Using data for strategic business decision-making.

Multidimensional View

Viewing data from various perspectives or dimensions.

Knowledge Discovery

Process of extracting useful information from data.

Pattern Recognition

Identifying trends and patterns in data sets.

High Performance Computing

Advanced computing for processing large data volumes.

Machine Learning

AI technique for improving predictions from data.