Bone Classifications

How many bones in the average adult body?

206

Axial skeleton & how many bones it's made up of

80 bones that support & protect the head and trunk

Appendicular skeleton & how many bones its made up of

126 bones that provide movement

Compact bone

dense outer layer that protects & gives bone its strength

Spongy bone

contains trabeculae which is filled with red & yellow marrow

Red bone marrow

produces red & white blood cells

Yellow bone marrow

stores fat

Medullary cavity

cavity within the shaft of long bones filled with bone marrow & lined with endosteum

Endosteum

tissue lining of medullary cavity

Periosteum

sheath covering the bone, supplying it with blood, nerves and cells that help them heal

Bones are classified by…

SHAPE

- long
- short
- flat
- irregular
- sesamoid

Crest

ridge- like process

Protuberance

projecting part

Malleolus

club shaped process

Facet

small, smooth-surfaced articular process

Hamulus

hook-shaped process

Head

expanded end of long bone

Horn

hornlike process

Styloid

long, pointed process

Trochanter

Very large, irregularly shaped process

Tubercle

small, rounded & elevated process

Tuberosity

large, rounded, elevated process

Line

linear elevation, not as prominent as a crest

Spine

sharp process

Condyle

rounded process at an articular end

Coracoid/ Coronoid

beaklike or crownlike process

Coracoid: scapula
Coronoid: proximal end of ulna

Epicondyle

projection above a condyle

Fissure

groove or crack-like: lobes of brain

Foramen

hole in a bone for transmission of blood vessels and nerves

Fossa

pit, fovea, or hollow space

Groove

shallow linear channel

Meatus

canal-like passageway: ear

Notch

indentation at the border of a bone

Sinus

Cavity within a bone, filled with air

Sulcus

furrow or groove: finger print ridges

Whats the term for fibrous envelope that encloses a major joint?

articular capsule

List the 3 functional classifications of joints

Synarthroses (fibrous): immovable
Ampiarthroses (cartilages): slightly movable
Diarthroses(synovial): freely moveable

Structural Classification of Fibrous joints

Suture: immovable joint only in the skull

Syndesmosis: 2 adjacent bones are joined by connective tissue

Gomphosis: immovable joint in the roots of teeth only