BIO 2101 Lab Practical 1 Anatomy Review

Vocabulary flashcards generated from the BIO 2101 Lab Practical 1 Anatomy List covering anatomical body regions, directional terms, trunk cavities, cell structures, histology, and the integumentary system.

Thoracic (thorax)

A major trunk region that includes the pectoral and mammary anatomical subregions.

Umbilical region

A central abdominal region surrounding the umbilicus, located between the epigastric and hypogastric regions.

Acromial

Anatomical region referring to the point of the shoulder.

Axillary

Anatomical region referring to the armpit.

Antecubital

Anatomical region referring to the anterior surface of the elbow.

Antebrachial

Anatomical region referring to the forearm.

Olecranon

Anatomical region referring to the posterior surface of the elbow.

Popliteal

Anatomical region referring to the posterior area of the knee.

Plantar

Anatomical region referring to the sole of the foot.

Calcaneal

Anatomical region referring to the heel of the foot.

Epigastric region

An abdominal subdivision located superior to the umbilical region.

Hypogastric (pubic) region

An abdominal subdivision located inferior to the umbilical region.

Lumbar regions

Abdominal subdivisions flanking the umbilical region, often referred to in APR as lateral regions.

Hypochondriac regions

Abdominal subdivisions located on the right and left sides superior to the lumbar regions.

Cephalic (cranial) vs. caudal

Directional terms denoting toward the head versus toward the tail or lower end.

Ventral vs. dorsal

Directional terms denoting toward the front (belly) versus toward the back.

Proximal vs. distal

Directional terms describing a position closer to versus farther from the point of attachment or trunk origin.

Sagittal plane

A vertical plane dividing the body into right and left parts, categorized as median (midsagittal) or parasagittal.

Transverse (horizontal) plane

A plane running horizontally that divides the body into superior and inferior portions.

Frontal (coronal) plane

A vertical plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions.

Mediastinum

The central compartment of the thoracic cavity located between the pleural cavities.

Pleural cavity

A subdivision of the thoracic cavity enclosing a lung.

Pericardial cavity

A subdivision of the thoracic cavity enclosing the heart.

Parietal serosa

The layer of a serous membrane lining the internal wall of a trunk cavity.

Visceral serosa

The layer of a serous membrane directly covering the external surface of organs within a trunk cavity.

Phospholipid bilayer

The fundamental structure of the plasma membrane, composed of hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads.

Cleavage furrow

An indentation that forms on the cell surface during cytokinesis in cell division.

Desmosome

A structural cell connection that anchors neighboring cells together.

Hemidesmosome

A cell connection structure anchoring an epithelial cell to the underlying basement membrane.

Tight junction

A cell connection structure that seals neighboring cells together to prevent passage of substances between them.

Gap junction

A cell connection containing protein channels that allow direct communication between adjacent cells.

Pseudostratified (ciliated columnar) epithelium

A type of epithelial tissue appearing layered due to varying nuclear height, featuring cilia on its apical surface.

Areolar connective tissue

A type of loose connective tissue proper listed in histology.

Stratum basale

The deepest specific layer of the epidermis, featuring epidermal ridge structures.

Stratum lucidum

A clear specific layer of the epidermis situated between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum.

Papillary layer

The superficial specific layer of the dermis containing dermal papilla structures.

Arrector pili muscle

A smooth muscle accessory structure attached to a hair follicle.

Eccrine (merocrine) sweat gland

An accessory gland type in the integumentary system responsible for secreting sweat for thermoregulation.

Lunula

The crescent-shaped white area located at the base of the nail body.