Key Concepts from Revolutions and the Industrial Era

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to revolutions and the industrial era, providing definitions and insights for exam preparation.

Popular Sovereignty

The idea that political power depends on the people.

Nationalism

A sense of pride and loyalty to one's nation, defined by common language, culture, and history.

Free Trade (Laissez-faire)

An unregulated market with no tariffs or fees to allow for maximum profit using free labor.

American Revolution

A conflict from 1776-1783 fueled by issues like unfair taxes, war debts, and Enlightenment ideals.

Common Sense

A pamphlet by Thomas Paine advocating for self-governance by the people.

Declaration of Independence

A document asserting the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the Constitution that ensured individual freedoms.

The Terror (Reign of Terror)

A period during the French Revolution characterized by mass executions led by Maximilien Robespierre.

Napoleonic Codes

Laws passed by Napoleon intended to uphold Enlightenment principles while centralizing power.

Haitian Revolution

The first successful slave revolt leading to Haiti's independence from France in 1804.

Socioeconomic Hierarchy

A system dividing society into classes based on wealth and power.

Toussaint Louverture

Leader of the Haitian Revolution and former slave who played a key role in achieving independence.

Latin American Revolutions

Series of revolts from 1808 to1825 inspired by Enlightenment ideas and other revolutions.

1st Industrial Revolution

A period from 1760 to 1840 marked by the rise of machines and mass production, starting in Britain.

Urbanization

The movement of people from rural areas to cities, often due to the growth of factories.

Luddites

Workers who opposed industrialization because machines threatened their jobs.