shh

Which list of organs contains smooth muscle tissue?

both blood vessels, stomach, esophagus and bladder, uterus, small intestine

Which of the following types of muscle tissue is involuntary (can't be consciously controlled)? 1) Cardiac 2) Smooth 3) Skeletal

1 and 2

Which of the following is not a function of skeletal muscle tissue?

moving food through the small intestine

Skeletal muscle is covered, surrounded and protected by various layers of connective tissue. Which layer of connective tissue would surround a bundle of muscle fibers (muscle cells)?

perimysium

Which of the following molecules found in skeletal muscle cells binds oxygen that can later be used during aerobic metabolism to help generate ATP?

myoglobin

Which structure occurs at the border between two adjacent sarcomeres?

Z disc

Which of these regions will narrow or disappear during muscle contraction?

H zone

The site where a somatic motor neuron releases acetylcholine to stimulate a skeletal muscle fiber is called the:

neuromuscular junction

Which of the following is directly responsible for transmitting an action potential from a motor neuron to a skeletal muscle fiber?

acetylcholine

When oxygen is plentiful inside a skeletal muscle cell, what happens to the pyruvic acid that is formed during glycolysis?

it diffuses into mitochondria to be broken down to generate ATP

The sheet or broad band of fibrous connective tissue that supports and surrounds muscles and other organs of the body is called:

Fascia

A small amount of muscle tension and muscle definition (the appearance of muscle beneath the skin) is present even in a relaxed muscle. A person who is physically fit due to regular exercise, will have more of this characteristic of muscle tissue than someone who is not fit. What is this characteristic?

muscle tone

This structure is unique to cardiac muscle cells, and allows individual cells to be firmly attached to each other (to provide mechanical strength during contraction), and also allow the action potential to spread rapidly through the cardiac muscle tissue, so that contractions are smooth and coordinated.

intercalated discs

Muscles act on bones to produce movement. The bones act as levers and the joints act as __________.

the fulcrum

What is the most common class of levers found in the body?

third class lever

Muscle fascicles can be arranged in one of several patterns. Which of the following patterns is not an example of the arrangement of fascicles in a muscle?

elliptical

A muscle that acts as a __________ stabilizes the origin of the prime mover so that the prime mover may act more efficiently.

fixator

Which term best applies to a muscle that acts to move a bone away from the midline of the body?

abductor

Which list includes muscles that are responsible for facial expressions?

zygomaticus major, risorius, platysma

Which of the following is the strongest muscle of mastication?

masseter

Exercise can produce a fashionable "six pack" of toned muscles. Which of the following muscles is involved in giving the appearance of this defined pack of muscles?

rectus abdominis

Which of the following pairs of muscles are agonist-antagonists (that is, one flexes and the other extends) in the forearm?

biceps brachii and triceps brachii

The __________ muscle(s) is (are) the primary extensor muscle(s) of the vertebral column.

erector spinae

The fascicles of the deltoid are _____; the fascicles of the pectoralis ______.

multipennate; triangular

Which of the following muscles acts to stabilize the scapula and would also, when contracted, pull the shoulders back (like a soldier at attention)?

rhomboid major and minor

The nervous system:

all of these are correct.

The dendrites of a neuron:

are the main receiving region of a neuron

The generation of an action potential is an electrochemical event. This electrical event occurs:

within the neuron

At a synapse, the neuron sending the signal towards the synapse is called the _______ neuron.

presynaptic

Which statement best describes the direction of synaptic signal transmission?

signals go only from the presynaptic neuron to postsynaptic neuron

Which of the following is true of a synapse?

A synapse is the site where two neurons or a neuron and an effector communicate.

Which is NOT a function of a neuroglial cell?

to generate graded potentials

Arrange the following events at an axodendritic chemical synapse in proper order, starting with the arrival of an action potential at the presynaptic end bulb. Assume that the postsynaptic cell will be depolarized.

A, E, C, B

Which of the following is mismatched?

All of these are matched correctly

When summation results from buildup of neurotransmitter released simultaneously by several presynaptic end bulbs, it is called:

Spatial summation

Sensory impulses are carried to the central nervous system by

afferent neurons

Which is NOT part of the central nervous system?

spinal nerve

The autonomic nervous system is part of the

PNS

Where are the spinal meninges located?

covering the spinal cord

Which of the three spinal meninges is the most superficial?

Dura mater

Which of the following reflexes is contralateral?

crossed extensor

Which statement best describes reciprocal innervation:

relaxation of antagonist at the same time of contraction of agonist

The spinal cord is enclosed within the

vertebral foramen

The white matter of the spinal cord is:

located around the outside of the butterfly.

The endoneurium surrounds the

axons

Within a nerve, axons are bundled into

fascicles

A structure that contains a network of axons from several anterior rami is known as a

plexus

Which statement about dermatomes is TRUE?

all of these statements are true

Which of the following is the sequence of the transmission of signals of a reflex arc?

sensory receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector

Which of the structures listed below contains cerebrospinal fluid?

Subarachnoid space