Filipino Grade 10 – Unit 1: Mythology and Language Concepts

Vocabulary flashcards covering key mythological figures, literary elements, and Filipino linguistic terms discussed in the Unit 1 module.

Mythology

A body of traditional stories about gods, goddesses, and human origins that explains natural or cultural phenomena.

Mulamat

Another Filipino term for mythology, referring to ancient folk tales about deities and the struggle of the world and nature.

Pandora’s Box

A famous Greek myth in which Pandora opens a forbidden box, releasing sickness, death, and other evils into the world, leaving only hope inside.

Zeus

The chief god in Greek mythology, ruler of Mt. Olympus and sender of Pandora to humankind.

Hephaestus

Greek god of fire and metal-working who shaped the first woman, Pandora, from clay and water.

Aphrodite

Greek goddess of love and beauty who bestowed beauty on Pandora.

Apollo

Greek god of music, prophecy, and the sun who gave Pandora a love of music.

Hermes

Greek messenger god who granted Pandora the gift of persuasive speech.

Athena

Greek goddess of wisdom and crafts who clothed Pandora and completed her appearance.

Prometheus

Titan who stole fire for humans; warned his brother not to accept Pandora as a gift from Zeus.

Epimetheus

Brother of Prometheus who married Pandora, ignoring Prometheus’ warning.

Mount Olympus

Mythical dwelling place of the Greek gods, often cited as the setting of many Greek myths.

Character (Tauhan)

The figures—gods, goddesses, or humans—whose actions drive a myth’s events.

Setting (Tagpuan)

The place or environment where the story’s events occur, such as Mt. Olympus or earthly realms.

Plot (Banghay)

The ordered sequence of events that make up a myth or any narrative.

Payak

A simple Filipino word consisting solely of a root (e.g., mundo ‘world’).

Maylapi

A Filipino word formed by adding one or more affixes to a root (e.g., maka-diyos ‘god-fearing’).

Inuulit

A Filipino word created by full or partial reduplication of a root (e.g., araw-araw ‘every day’).

Tambalan

A Filipino compound word formed by joining two different words, either retaining or changing meaning (e.g., bahaghari ‘rainbow’).

Verb (Pandiwa)

A word that expresses an action, event, or experience in a sentence.

Verb as Action

Use of a verb to highlight the doer’s physical or mental act (e.g., Pandora opened the box).

Verb as Event (Pangyayari)

Use of a verb to emphasize an occurrence affecting someone or something (e.g., The box was opened by Pandora).

Verb as Experience (Karanasan)

Use of a verb to convey a subject’s feeling or psychological state (e.g., Pandora felt fear).

Summary (Buod)

A shortened version of a text that retains its main ideas, key events, and essential details.

Mimesis

A dramatic presentation in which performers imitate the physical traits and behavior of characters from myths or a particular culture.