Vol 7 test 10

exported wood for use in boat-building

sold for constructing sailing vessels

competitive advantage

ability to source large quantities of softwood from renewable forests

reviewing long-held beliefs

forcing us to reconsider this opinion

one species' multiple tool-using techniques

many different tools in their tool kit

capacity for tool use

tool-using behaviours

survival

live and reproduce

trick each other

act deceptively

keeping tools that they like to use

carry their favourite tool / store their tools for later re-use

drawing out their prey by frightening it

drop a smouldering stick… animals flee from the fire

remove the outer covering

crack open the shells

extract food

pull grubs from deep within tree trunks

innovative solutions

invent fresh solutions

ecological challenges

challenges they face in their environment

observe plants sending warning signals

fluorescent green protein making its path visible

warning signals

wave of calcium

purpose of the research

real passion is understanding how plants sense gravity

discovery by chance

the find was fortuitous

attacked or damaged

subjected to wounds

sending signals

a wave of calcium spreads throughout the rest of the plant

fight back

deploy defence tactics

respond to danger

react to danger

dynamic organisms

more active in their responses