Mitosis

G1 Phase

The first growth phase of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins.

S Phase

The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated.

G2 Phase

The second growth phase of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.

Interphase

Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases

Mitosis

division of the nucleus

Replicated Chromosome

X shaped; A chromosome that has been copied; consists of two identical chromatids, each containing one DNA molecule

Unreplicated Chromosome

a chromosome that consists of one molecule of DNA packaged with proteins

Chromatid

one of two identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome

Prophase

Chromosomes become visible, nuclear envelop dissolves, spindle forms

Metaphase

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Anaphase

Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move apart to opposite ends of the cell

Telophase

nuclei begin to re-form, chromosomes uncoil

Cytokinesis

division of the cytoplasm

G0 Phase

A nondividing state in which a cell has left the cell cycle, will not divide again.

Spindle fibers

help pull apart the cell during replication and are made up of long thin protein rods

Nuclear Envelope

layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell

Cell plate

forms so that a plant cell can go through cytokinesis

Chromatin

loose, unwound DNA

Centromere

Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached in the middle

Centrosome

A structure in animal cells containing centrioles from which the spindle fibers develop- spindle control center

Centriole

Churro shaped structure that makes up the centrosome