COPD and Respiratory Education

This set of flashcards covers COPD symptoms, causes, the differences between Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis, steroid treatment risks (Cushing’s Disease mnemonic), and oxygen therapy safety education.

What are the common symptoms of COPD listed in the notes?

Chronic Cough, Production of Mucus, Fatigue, Shortness of Breath, Dyspnea, and Chest Discomfort.

What are the three main causes of COPD?

Smoking, Genes, and Air Pollutants.

How is Emphysema characterized pathologically compared to Chronic Bronchitis?

Emphysema involves the breakdown of alveolar membranes and broken down alveoli, whereas Chronic Bronchitis involves inflammation and excess mucus in the bronchus.

Which conditions fall under the umbrella term of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis.

Identify a type of Non-Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease mentioned in the transcript.

Asthma.

What condition can be caused by long term steroid use for Chronic Bronchitis?

Cushing’s Disease.

In the mnemonic 'A BIG FIB' for Cushing’s Disease, what does the letter 'A' represent?

$\text{Appetite } \uparrow$ (weight gain).

According to the 'A BIG FIB' mnemonic, what metabolic changes occur in Cushing's Disease (represented by 'I' and 'G')?

Insulin resistance $\uparrow$ and Gluconeogenesis $\uparrow$ (formation of new glucose molecules $\rightarrow$ hyperglycemia).

In the mnemonic 'A BIG FIB' for Cushing’s Disease, what physiological decreases are represented by 'F', 'I', and 'B'?

Fibroblasts $\downarrow$ (striae, stretch marks), Immune response $\downarrow$ (infection risk), and Bone formation $\downarrow$.

What are the two primary risk factors for Emphysema?

Smoking and Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.

What safety instructions are provided regarding oxygen use and the surrounding environment?

No Fire! Wool blankets and newspapers should not be nearby. Keep and know how to use a fire extinguisher.

What is the rule for adjusting oxygen settings based on the Oxygen Education notes?

Do not adjust the settings without approval.

Is it permissible to use a humidifier with oxygen therapy?

Yes, a humidifier is OK to use.