Matter and Elements

Chem Test

Ag

Silver

Al

Aluminum

Ar

Argon

As

Arsenic

Au

Gold

B

Boron

Ba

Barium

Be

Beryllium

Bi

Bismuth

Br

Bromine

C

Carbon

Ca

Calcium

Cl

Chlorine

Co

Cobalt

Cr

Chromium

Cu

Copper

F

Fluorine

Fe

Iron

H

Hydrogen

Hg

Mercury

I

Iodine

K

Potassium

Mg

Manganese

N

Nitrogen

Na

Sodium

Ni

Nickel

O

Oxygen

P

Phosphorus

Pb

Lead

Pt

Platinum

S

Sulfur

Sb

Antimony

Si

Silicon

Sn

Tin

Sr

Strontium

Ti

TitaniumU

U

Uranium

W

Tungsten

Zn

Zinc

Matter

Any particle with mass and volume, everything u can see, touch, smell, or taste in a room. Made up of atoms and molecules. Has 4 states, has properties, and can change. Moving matter=energy, motion is related to temperature.

Energy

Matter that is moving

Two states of matter that occupy a definite volume

Solid and Liquid

Chemical Change

Changes that alter the identify of a substance. Results in one or more completely new substances.

Physical Change

Changes that alter the state or appearance of the matter without altering the composition. Different form of same substance

Chemistry/Physic equation with energy must relate…

Mass and temperature

Atoms

Tiny particles that make up all matter

Molecules

Atoms joined together in units, joined in specific geometric arrangements

Forms of matter

Solid, Liquid, Gas, and Plasma

Different atom/molecule structure leads to different….

properties

Gas

Low density, easy to compress/expand, fills container. Lots of empty space between the particles and have freedom. Compressible since particles can be squeezed closer together and can fill/take shape of their container since of free movement. Volume: Variable/Indefinite, Shape: Container. Fluid. Energy of particles is greater than their attraction

Liquid

High Density, hard to expand/compress, takes shape of container. Incompressible. Can take shape and flow but not enough freedom to escape and expand to fill the container. Volume: Fixed/Definite, Shape: Container. Fluid. Ability to flow and take shape of their container

Solid

High density, hard to expand/compress, rigid shape. Fixed position. Volume: Fixed/Definite, Shape: Fixed. Particles real close together and can vibrate about fixed positions but can’t move past each other.

Crystalline Solids (Salt and Diamonds)

Solids in an orderly geometric pattern

Amorphous solids (Plastic and Glass)

Solids that don’t show a regular geometric pattern

Physical Properties

Characteristics of matter that can be observed or measured without changing its composition (Directly observable)

Chemical Properties

Characteristics that determine how the composition of matter changes as a result of contact with other matter or the influence of energy (Describe the behavior of matter). How one substance relates with otehrs or how it transforms it’s chemical identity

Hardness

Physical Property

Color

Physical Property

Conductivity

Physical Property

Malleability

Physical Property

Reactivity to Acids

Chemical Property

Flamability

Chemical Property

Alkalines

Chemical Property

Oxygen

Chemical Property

Electricity

Chemical Property

Explosiveness

Chemical Property

Boiling

Physical Change

Melting

Physical Change

Freezing

Physical Change

Condensing

Physical Change

Cutting/Slicing/Dicing/Crushing/Grinding/Shredding

Physical Change

Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Freezing Pt

Physical Change

Dissolving/Soluble/Solubility

Physical Change

Color or Smell

Physical Change

Change of Hardness

Physical Change

Burning/Flammability/Combustion

Chemical Change

Explodes

Chemical Change

“Reacts with”

Chemical Change

Chemical Composition Change

Chemical Change

CHANGE in Color or Smell

Chemical Change

Baking/Grilling/Cooking/Toasting/Biological Growing

Chemical Change

Decomposing/Rotting/Digesting

Chemical Change

Heterogeneous Mixture

Made of multiple substances, where you can see each one. Portions of a sample have different composition and properties

Homogenous Mixture

Made of multiple substances, but appears to be one substance. All portions of a sample have the same composition and properties.

Pure Substances

consists of a single element (carbon) or compound (carbon dioxide) because they have unique physical and chemical properties that can be recognized

Separation of Mixtures

Physical Change

Separation of Boiling Point

Distillation

Separation of State of matter (Solid/liquid/gas)

Filtration

Separation of Adherence to a surface

Chromatography

Separation of Volatility

Evaporation

Separation of Density

Centrifugation and decanting

Taste

Physical

Luster (Shiny)

Physically

Rusting

Chemical

Photosynthesis

Chemical Change

Digestion

Chemical Change

Elements are organized on the

Periodic Table

Compound

Two or more elements combined

Mixtures cannot be…

separated by physical or chemical means