Lab #1: The Language of Anatomy

cephalic region

head

nasal region

nose

oral region

mouth

cervical region

neck

acromial region

shoulder

axillary region

armpit

mammary region

breast

brachial region

upper arm

antecubital region

the front of the elbow (pit)

abdominal region

the area of the abdomen between the thorax and pelvis.

antebrachial region

forearm

carpal region

wrist

palmar region

the area of the palm of the hand.

digital region

fingers

upper limb region

the part of the body that includes the arm, forearm, and hand.

genital region

the area of the body related to the reproductive organs.

crural region

shin

tarsal region

ankle

pedal region

foot

frontal region

forehead

orbital region

eyes

buccal region

cheeks

mental region

chin

sternal region

the area of the chest located in the center, often relating to the sternum or breastbone.

pectoral region

the area of the chest related to the breasts and underlying muscles.

umbilical region

the area around the navel or belly button.

inguinal region

the area of the lower abdomen near the groin

coxal region

the area of the hip or hip joint.

femoral region

thigh

patellar region

knee

dorsum of the foot

the upper surface of the foot.

lower limb region

the part of the body that includes the thigh, leg, and foot.

otic region

the area of the ear.

occipital region

the area located at the back of the head.

vertebral region

the area of the spine.

scapular region

the area of the shoulder blades.

olecranal region

the area of the elbow. (back)

lumbar region

the area of the lower back.

sacral region

the area at the base of the spine.

gluteal region

the area of the buttocks.

perineal region

the area between the thighs, surrounding reproductive organs and butt

popliteal region

the area behind the knee.

sural region

the area of the calf.

calcaneal region

the area of the heel.

plantar region

the area of the sole of the foot.

ventral/anterior

relating to the front or belly side of the body.

dorsal/posterior

relating to the back side of the body.

superior

referring to a position toward the head or upper part of the body. only for head and trunk

inferior

referring to a position toward the feet or lower part of the body. only for head and trunk

medial

referring to a position closer to the midline of the body.

lateral

referring to a position farther from the midline of the body.

proximal

referring to a position closer to the point of attachment or origin of a structure.

distal

referring to a position farther from the point of attachment or origin of a structure.

superficial

referring to a position closer to the surface of the body.

deep

referring to a position farther from the surface of the body.

ipsilateral

referring to structures on the same side of the body.

contralateral

referring to structures on opposite sides of the body.

supine

referring to a position lying on the back.

prone

referring to a position lying on the stomach.

sagittal plane

a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left halves.

transverse plane

a horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower parts.

coronal plane

a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior sections.

oblique plane

a plane that runs at an angle to the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes.

cranial cavity

the space within the skull that houses the brain.

vertebral cavity

the space that contains the spinal cord.

thoracic cavity

the space within the chest that contains the lungs and heart.

• mediastinum

• pericardial

• 2 pleural

mediastinum

the central compartment of the thoracic cavity, between the two pleural sacs, containing the heart, great vessels, trachea, and esophagus.

pericardial

the space surrounding the heart, containing pericardial fluid that reduces friction.

pleural cavities

the two spaces on either side of the mediastinum that contain the lungs.

abdominopelvic cavity

the large cavity that houses the abdominal and pelvic organs, including the digestive, reproductive, and urinary systems.

parietal serous membrane

A membrane that lines the walls of body cavities, providing a smooth surface to reduce friction. (outside)

Lungs, heart, peritoneum

visceral serous membrane

A membrane that covers the organs within body cavities, providing protection and reducing friction with surrounding structures. (inside)

Lungs, heart, peritoneum

pleural cavity

The space between the pleura surrounding each lung, containing pleural fluid to reduce friction during breathing. (middle)

pericardial in heart, peritoneal in abdominal

right upper quadrant

The area of the abdomen that contains organs such as the liver, gallbladder, and part of the pancreas. It is one of the four quadrants used in abdominal mapping.

left upper quadrant

The area of the abdomen that contains organs such as the stomach, spleen, and part of the pancreas. It is one of the four quadrants used in abdominal mapping.

right lower quadrant

The area of the abdomen that contains organs such as the appendix, right ovary, and part of the large intestine. It is one of the four quadrants used in abdominal mapping.

left lower quadrant

The area of the abdomen that contains organs such as the left ovary, sigmoid colon, and part of the large intestine. It is one of the four quadrants used in abdominal mapping.

right hypochondriac

The area of the abdomen located below the ribs on the right side, containing organs such as the liver and gallbladder. It is one of the nine regions used in abdominal mapping.

epigastric

The area of the abdomen located above the stomach, containing organs such as the stomach, liver, and pancreas. It is one of the nine regions used in abdominal mapping.

left hypochondriac

The area of the abdomen located below the ribs on the left side, containing organs such as the spleen and parts of the stomach. It is one of the nine regions used in abdominal mapping.

right lumbar

The area of the abdomen located on the right side at the level of the lumbar vertebrae, containing organs such as the ascending colon and part of the small intestine. It is one of the nine regions used in abdominal mapping.

umbilical

The area of the abdomen surrounding the belly button, containing parts of the small intestine and the transverse colon. It is one of the nine regions used in abdominal mapping.

left lumbar

The area of the abdomen located on the left side at the level of the lumbar vertebrae, containing organs such as the descending colon and part of the small intestine. It is one of the nine regions used in abdominal mapping.

right iliac

The area of the abdomen located on the right side, just below the right lumbar region. It contains the appendix and part of the cecum, and is one of the nine regions used in abdominal mapping.

hypogastric

The area of the abdomen located below the umbilical region and above the pubic area, containing parts of the bladder and reproductive organs. It is one of the nine regions used in abdominal mapping.

left iliac

The area of the abdomen located on the left side, just below the left lumbar region. It contains parts of the sigmoid colon and is one of the nine regions used in abdominal mapping.