Learn: Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics | Quizlet

Strength training programs

A planned exercise program using resistance (reps, intensity, sets, rest) to improve muscular health.

Eccentric strength training

Slower and less energy than concentric training; e.g., slowly lowering the weight in a bicep curl.

Low resistance, high repetition programs

Produce muscular endurance, helping muscles learn to keep working longer.

Isometric vs. isotonic exercise advantage

Strengthens a muscle at an angle without excessive joint movement (e.g., a plank).

Circuit training programs

Combine resistance exercise with short breaks to improve both muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness.

Jogging program effect on blood lactate

Blood lactate DECREASES during submaximal exercise due to improved endurance.

a 20-minute, 3 times a week for 52 weeks (Long-term aerobic exercise program) results

Improved cardiorespiratory fitness and endurance.

The effects of endurance training effect on skeletal muscle

The muscle becomes better at using oxygen to produce energy.

Endurance exercise training results

Increased VO2 max and improved cardiovascular endurance.

Functional unit of the neuromuscular system

A motor unit.

Antagonists muscles

The group of muscles which have the opposite effect on movers is called

EX: Biceps → bends (flexes) the elbow

Triceps → straightens (extends) the elbow

Biomechanics

The application of mechanical principles in the study of living organisms.

Kinetics

The study of forces causing or resulting from motion.

Newton's Third Law in sports

Equal and opposite forces keep a defensive player and running back stagnant when colliding.

Torque

A force that causes rotation around an axis.

Example: kicking a soccer ball

Ligaments function

Connect bone to bone.

Supination

Turning the palm of the hand upward.

Plantar flexion

Pulling the foot down towards its plantar (bottom) surface.

Muscle action in standing long jump

Concentric muscle action.

Equilibrium

When the body is motionless or in a constant state of velocity.

Angular motion

Motion involving rotation around a center line or point.

Somersault example

Angular motion executed in mid-air.

Abduction

Movement of the upper arm away from the midline of the body.

Primary action of the anterior deltoid

Shoulder flexion.

Pelvis stabilization muscles in walking

The hip abductors and glutes.