religion: Jesus and the Gospels

who are the historians?

Josephus, Tacticus, Pliny the Younger, and Suetonius

Josephus

jewish historian that lived in Judea

adopted Roman culture

Tacticus

Roman historian and politician

Pliny the Younger

Governor of Bithynia

persecuted Christians

Suetonius

Roman historian and biographer

scriptures

all information about Jesus comes from the Gospels

what does gospel mean?

good news

what are the gospels used for?

foundation of christian teaching

what are the 4 gospels?

matthew, mark, luke, and john

what does synoptic mean?

similar

which gospels are synoptic?

matthew, mark, and luke

why is john’s gospel not synoptic?

does not start with an infancy narrative

refers to Jesus as the word

gospel of matthew

jewish audience

jesus is portrayed as the new moses

gospel of mark

audience is the early christians in rome

first and shortest gospel

jesus is seen as a savior but also a suffering servant

gospel of luke

audience is the gentiles (non-jewish)

focused on miracles

jesus is seen as a healer

what are the two parts of the gospel of luke?

gospel of luke and acts of the apostles

gospel of john

christian audience

doesn’t mention jesus’ birth or childhood

jesus is seen as the divine son of god

why were joseph and mary traveling to bethlehem?

roman census

herod

king of judea

why do we assume jesus was born around 5 BC?

he was born during the reign of herod

what does herod do when he finds out that a king is born in israel?

decrees all first born males to be killed

mary

given the option to say no to God when asked to carry Jesus

magi

zoroastrian priests from parthia

how many magi are there?

we do not know how many or their names

what gifts do the magi bring in the gospel of matthew?

gold, frankincense, and myrrh

gold

represents royalty

frankincense

shows that jesus is divine

myrrh

used to mask death

shepherds

angels appear to them to announce jesus’ birth

where are the shepherds mentioned?

gospel of luke

what is the significance of the shepherds?

show that jesus came for everyone

pharisees

group that broke away from the sadducees before jesus

strict interpretation of the law

how did pharisees view the messiah?

looking for a new moses who could give them new laws

sadducees

wealthy Jewish elites who were priests and leaders

what did the sadducees control?

the temple and the sanhedrin

how did the sadducees view the messiah?

a priest who would restore the temple

zealots

military group

how did the zealots view the messiah?

military leader who would drive the romans out of the promised land

essenes

abandoned homes and wealth and went into the wilderness

what did the essenes believe?

men and women were dirty and needed to be cleansed

how did the essenes view the messiah?

teacher of righteousness

sanhedrin

governing body of the jews

made of 70 council members

tax collectors

hated by the jews and seen as sinners

took money away from their own people

what does the gospel of luke begin with?

birth of john the baptist

what happens when john the baptist is baptizing people in the jordan?

jesus asks to be baptized

why does john not want to baptize jesus?

does not feel worthy

what happens after jesus is baptized?

holy spirit descends as a dove

represents israel and peace

jesus’ greatest teaching

love god above all and love your neighbor as yourself

how many days is jesus in the wilderness for after his baptism?

40 days

what are the three temptations?

physical, magical power, and political power

how does the devil tempt jesus physically?

tells him to turn rocks into bread

jesus responds by saying that man cannot live on bread alone

how does the devil tempt jesus will magical power?

tells him to jump off the temple mount to prove he is the son of god

jesus says not to test God

how does the devil tempt jesus with political power?

says jesus will become the king of the world if he bows down to the devil

jesus refuses and says that his is the kingdom of god

our father

summary of the gospels and jesus’ teachings

how did jesus use the beatitudes?

used them to teach

what does beatitude mean?

supreme happiness

what does ““Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven” mean?

people who are depressed but still turn to god will find relief in Him and his kingdom.

what does “blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted” mean?

people who experience sorrow will be comforted by god

what does “blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth” mean?

those who are submissive and patient with god will be rewarded

what happens during the miracle at cannan?

jesus turns water into wine

what happens at the feast of 5000

jesus turns 5 loaves of bread and 2 fish into enough food for 5000 people

what happens to lazarus?

he dies before jesus comes to help him

what does jesus do with lazarus?

prays at his tomb and lazarus comes out alive

why does jairus go to jesus?

his daughter is ill

why does jesus raise jairus’ daughter from the dead?

she was not supposed to die because she was a child

what does jesus say before healing the man with leprosy?

“i am willing. be clean”

why was the woman who bled for 12 years ostracized?

could not enter the temple

how does jesus heal the woman who bled for 12 years

she touches him and she stops

what are parables?

story or comparison used by jesus to teach a lesson

what are the four themes of parables?

nature of god, forgiveness, love and the kingdom of god

parable of forgiveness

prodigal son

what was significant about the father running out to greet the son?

supposed to be the other way around

shows how much the father missed his son

what is a parable of love?

the good samaritan

who does not help the man left on the road?

priests and rabbi

what is a parable about the kingdom of god?

the lost sheep

what does the shepherd do in the parable of the lost sheep?

stops flock of 100 sheep to go find one

jesus of history

refers to jesus as he lived in galilee

he was a tekton (stone mason)

christ of faith

theological figure of jesus as he is in the bible

seen as a divine figure

where does jesus go after the last supper?

garden of gethsemane to pray

why do the sanhedrin arrest jesus?

accuse him of blasphemy

who did the sanhedrin give jesus to?

the romans

what does pilate do?

give the jews the option of crucifying jesus or barabbas

what do the jews pick (in regards to crucifixion)?

free Barabbas and kill jesus

the passion

jesus’ suffering before his crucifixion

what happens during the passion?

jesus carries his cross while being flogged and mocked

palm sunday

jesus enter jerusalem on a donkey to celebrate passover

people put palms down for a path

good monday

jesus drives out the moneychangers from the temple

good tuesday

jesus predicts the destruction of the temples and betrayals

ash wednesday

mary anoints jesus’ feet with perfume

judas plans his betrayal

holy thursday

last supper where jesus turns bread and wine into his body and blood

good friday

jesus is tried, suffers and dies

easter sunday

jesus resurrects

how many days after jesus’ death does he resurrect?

three days

why were the apostles in hiding after jesus was killed?

scared of being punished

what does mary magdalene notice while cleaning an area near jesus’ tomb?

stone has been moved and jesus is not there

who comes to mary magdalene?

two angels and then jesus

what happened during the road to emmaus?

two followers are walking their and discussing jesus’ death

who does jesus appear to?

the followers walking to emmaus

when do the two followers realize that jesus was with them?

when jesus breaks bread at dinner