Cell Cycle and Anatomical Body Planes Review

A set of vocabulary flashcards reviewing the cell cycle phases and anatomical body planes from the provided lecture diagrams.

Interphase

The extensive phase of the cell cycle represented by letter A, encompassing the G1, S, and G2 phases of cell growth and DNA replication.

G1 Phase

The first gap phase of the cell cycle, labeled B in the diagram, occurring within interphase before DNA synthesis.

S Phase

The synthesis phase of the cell cycle, labeled C in the diagram, during which DNA is replicated within interphase.

G2 Phase

The second gap phase of interphase, labeled D in the diagram, during which the cell completes growth and preparations for cell division.

Prophase

The first stage of nuclear division in mitosis, represented by letter E in the cell cycle diagram.

Metaphase

The second stage of mitosis, represented by letter F in the cell cycle diagram.

Anaphase

The third stage of mitosis where chromosomes separate, represented by letter G in the cell cycle diagram.

Telophase

The final stage of nuclear division in mitosis, represented by letter H in the cell cycle diagram.

Mitosis

The phase of nuclear division, bracketed as region I in the cell cycle diagram, comprising prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Cytokinesis

The division of the cytoplasm following nuclear division, indicated by arrow J in the cell cycle diagram.

Coronal Plane

An anatomical plane, labeled A in the body planes diagram, that divides the body vertically into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.

Sagittal Plane

An anatomical plane, labeled B in the body planes diagram, that divides the body vertically into right and left portions.

Transverse Plane

An anatomical plane, labeled C in the body planes diagram, that divides the body horizontally into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.

Cell Cycle Diagram

A circular diagram depicting the major stages of the cell cycle, including Interphase (A) with G1 (B), S (C), and G2 (D) phases, and the M phase (I) containing Prophase (E), Metaphase (F), Anaphase (G), Telophase (H), and Cytokinesis (J).

Anatomical Body Planes Diagram

An anatomical diagram illustrating the three fundamental body planes: Coronal/Frontal plane (A), Sagittal plane (B), and Transverse/Horizontal plane (C).

Interphase

The extensive phase of the cell cycle represented by letter A, encompassing the G1, S, and G2 phases of cell growth and DNA replication.

G1 Phase

The first gap phase of the cell cycle, labeled B in the diagram, occurring within interphase before DNA synthesis.

S Phase

The synthesis phase of the cell cycle, labeled C in the diagram, during which DNA is replicated within interphase.

G2 Phase

The second gap phase of interphase, labeled D in the diagram, during which the cell completes growth and preparations for cell division.

Prophase

The first stage of nuclear division in mitosis, represented by letter E in the cell cycle diagram.

Metaphase

The second stage of mitosis, represented by letter F in the cell cycle diagram.

Anaphase

The third stage of mitosis where chromosomes separate, represented by letter G in the cell cycle diagram.

Telophase

The final stage of nuclear division in mitosis, represented by letter H in the cell cycle diagram.

Mitosis

The phase of nuclear division, bracketed as region I in the cell cycle diagram, comprising prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Cytokinesis

The division of the cytoplasm following nuclear division, indicated by arrow J in the cell cycle diagram.

Coronal Plane

An anatomical plane, labeled A in the body planes diagram, that divides the body vertically into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.

Sagittal Plane

An anatomical plane, labeled B in the body planes diagram, that divides the body vertically into right and left portions.

Transverse Plane

An anatomical plane, labeled C in the body planes diagram, that divides the body horizontally into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.

Flexion

An anatomical movement occurring typically in the sagittal plane that decreases the angle between two body parts or bones at a joint.

Extension

An anatomical movement occurring typically in the sagittal plane that increases the angle between two body parts or bones, straightening a joint.

Abduction

An anatomical movement occurring typically in the coronal plane that moves a limb or structure laterally away from the midline of the body.

Adduction

An anatomical movement occurring typically in the coronal plane that moves a limb or structure medially toward the midline of the body.

Rotation

An anatomical movement occurring in the transverse plane where a bone or body segment turns around its longitudinal axis.

Circumduction

A circular anatomical movement combining flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction in sequence, allowing a limb to trace a cone in space.

Proximal

An anatomical directional term describing a position closer to the origin of a body part or point of attachment of a limb.

Distal

An anatomical directional term describing a position farther from the origin of a body part or point of attachment of a limb.

Medial

An anatomical directional term describing a position closer to the midline of the body.

Lateral

An anatomical directional term describing a position farther away from the midline of the body.

Superior

An anatomical directional term describing a position above or higher than another part of the body along the vertical axis.

Inferior

An anatomical directional term describing a position below or lower than another part of the body along the vertical axis.

Anterior

An anatomical directional term describing a position toward the front of the body.

Posterior

An anatomical directional term describing a position toward the back of the body.