ap computer science unit 2 vocab

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Computing Device

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26 Terms

1

Computing Device

a machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors

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2

Computing System

a group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose

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3

Computing Network

a group of connected computers that can send or receive data. In our scenario, the string

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4

Path

the series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver; how a message gets from its starting point to its end point

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5

Bandwidth

The amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given amount of time

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6

Router

A device that transfers data from one network to another in an intelligent way (in our scenario, the person we gave our letters to)

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7

Redundancy

the inclusion of extra components that can be used to mitigate failure of a system if other components fail

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8

Fault Tolerat

When a system can support failures and still continue to function

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9

Protocol

A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

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10

IP Address

A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet.

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11

Packets

Information on the Internet is not sent all at once, but is instead broken into smaller chunks of data called _______

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12

Transmission Control Protocol

a standard that defines how to establish and maintain a network conversation by which applications can exchange data. This protocol is slower, but it is more accurate.

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13

User Datagram Protocol

a network conversation that simply sends all the packets. This protocol is faster, but it is less accurate.

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14

Scalability

the capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands

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15

The Domain Name System (DNS)

the system responsible for translating domain names like example.com into IP addresses

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16

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

a protocol for computers to request and share the pages that make up the world wide web on the Internet

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17

GET Request

An HTTP method in which the client requests data such as a webpage. The client might provide some data as part of the request in the query string of the URL.

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18

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

A company that connects computers to the internet for a fee (For example: Spectrum or AT&T)

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19

IPV6

The Internet Protocol version 6 provides a large number of new addresses to route Internet traffic, using "from" and "to" addresses written as colon-hexadecimal notation, such as "fe80::42:acff:feaa:1bf0".

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20

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

a protocol for computers to request and share the pages that make up the world wide web on the Internet

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21

POST request

An HTTP method that accepts data from the client, such as posting a comment on a website. This method is used any time the state of the server will be changed.

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22

Digital Certificates

data files used to establish and certify the identity of users and electronic assets for protection of online transactions

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23

Wifi

A wireless method of sending information using radio waves

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24

Packet Metadata

Data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message.

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25

Web Pages

documents or files, written in HTML, that are stored on a web server and can be viewed over the internet using a web browser

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26

Browsers

software programs that allow you to view webpages, such as Internet Explorer, Safari, Firefox, or Google Chrome

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