EMES 449 Lecture 1: Fishes Classification and Biology Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering foundational concepts of fish biology, ecology, taxonomy, and major classes from EMES 449 Lecture 1.

Fisheries biology

The study of fish and the fisheries that depend on fish.

Fisheries ecology

The study of fish, their environment, and ecological interactions.

Fisheries science

A multidisciplinary science drawing on oceanography, fish biology, population dynamics, and policy/management.

Fisheries oceanography

The study of the interaction between marine fishes and their environment.

what is a fish

Water-dwelling vertebrate, vertebrae protecting spinal cord, gills, paired fins that aid in locomotions (and not limbs), brain protected by a braincase, Obvious head regions with eyes, teeth, and/or other sensory organs, Usually have scales that protect body, Mostly ectothermic-unable to maintain constant body temp

What were the Ostracoderms?

Shell skinned (scutes), Jawless armored fishes, First group to use gills only for respiration and not for feeding, Coexisted and then declined after jawed fishes appeared, All extinct by the Devonian, Diverse and lived in both freshwater and marine waters

placodermes —>(extinct), plateskin, earliest jawless fish, Jaws were made of endochondral bone (or bone that is first laid down as cartilage and then ossified)

Endochondral bone

Bone that is first lor bone that is first laid down as cartilage and then ossified

Acanthodii—>(extinct) spiny sharks, oldest jawed vertebrates, true bone present, streamlined, extremely small (<20cm), paired pectoral and anal fins

Osmoconformers

body fluid and blood is isoionic with seawater

Class—> Petromyzontida, order—>Petromyzontiformes, (lamprey), Another extant jawless fish but are true vertebrates, So have neural crest tissue, Lack the slime of the hagfish , Two dorsal fins, 7 gill openings, Have functional eye (hagfish have none), terminal mouth while hagfish have a subterminal mouth

Myxini—>order is myxiniformes, HAGFISH, jawless fish, eye structure but they dont use them, direct development