Cardiovascular System

HESI A2 ReMar

What is another name for the cardiovascular system?

Circulatory System

What is lymph fluid?

A colorless fluid that contains white bloodcells

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

Transport lymph fluid throughout the body using lymph nodes

Is the lymphatic system open or closed?

Open

What lymphatic organ filters the blood?

Spleen

Is the circulatory system open or closed?

Closed

What are the two double loop systems that transport blood?

Systemic loop system and pulmonary loop system

Which of the two closed systems transports deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle and returns oxygenated blood to the left atrium?

Pulmonary loop system

Which of the two closed systems transports oxygenated blood fro the left ventricle and returns oxygenated blood to the right atrium?

Systemic loop system

Whyat is the pale-yellow liquid portion of blood that carries red blood cells, white bloods cells, and platelets?

Plasma

What is a localized weakening of an artery’s wall called?

An aneurysm

What is the event in which there is a blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle?

Myocardial infarction or heart attack

What are some signs of a heart attack?

Chest pain, jaw pain, squeezing sensation in the chest, shortness of breath, nausea, dizziness

During a myocardial infraction what should be placed on the patient?

Oxygen

What is a stroke?

When there is a disruption in blood supply to the brain

How are the arteries affected in a stroke?

They are blocked or leaking blood

What are signs of a stroke?

Weakness or numbness on one side of the body, loss of vision, or inability to speak or swallow. Difficulty moving.

What is hypertension?

High blood pressure because of the force against the arterial wall is too high, which can lead to serious health issues like heart disease and stroke.

What are some causes of hypertension?

Obesity, smoking, old age, genetics, stress, salt intake, lack of physical activity

What is the buildup of plaque in the arteries called?

Atherosclerosis

What is the cause of atherosclerosis?

High blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol

What is the heart beating too fast called?

Tachycardia

What is the heart beating too slow called?

Bradycardia

When the heart has an irregular rhythm, it is called?

Arrhythmia

What are the sequence of structures involved in the direction of blood flow?

1. Superior and inferior vena cava

2. Right atrium

3. Tricuspid valve

4. Right ventricle

5. Pulmonic valve

6. Pulmonary arteries(*blood receives oxygen)

7. Lungs

8. Pulmonary veins

9. Left atrium

10. Bicuspid valve

11. Left ventricle

12. Aortic valve

13. Aorta