Special Populations Exam I

Which of the following is NOT a function of the placenta?

uterine formation

which of the following descrbes hyperemesis gravid arum?

vomiting with weight loss and dehydration

what is NOT true about the amniotic fluid?

it secretes hormones

what is the primary function of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)?

stimulates pituitary to secrete LH to continue secretion of progesterone from corpus luteum

mastalgia is a condition, which involves:

pain of the breast tissue

Which hormone is responsible for the development of the breasts at puberty?

estrogen 

Ovulation is triggered by:

luteinizing hormone

Which of the following uterine signs is best described? “Bulging of the uterus at the point of implantation”

Piskacek’s sign

Which ligaments are attached to the anterior fundus, go through the inguinal canal and attach to the pubic symphysis?

round ligaments

What is not part of the pap smear cytology?

vaginal culture

Certain environmental agents or conditions can harm the healthy development of a fetus during pregnancy. These have their greatest and most detrimental effects during:

first trimester

What condition can be associated with gastrointestinal fetal malformation?

polyhydramnios 

which glands in the femal are located at the base of the urethral opening?

Skene’s glands

A 26yo patient presents to your office, She is currently 26 weeks pregnant. She had a miscarraige at 10 weeks gestation 5 years ago. She has a 3 year old born at 39 weeks.

G3T1P0A1L1

What is the normal fetal blood circulation through the umbilical cord?

waste and C02 through arteries and nutrient and O2 through the vein

What is the least common form of breast cancer but most aggressive and metastasizes quickly?

inflammatory breast cancer 

What is the smallest pad of the glandular breast tissue?

lobules

What triggers the shedding of the endometrium?

decrease of estrogen and progesterone 

Physiological anemia of pregnancy is due to:

increase in plasma volume

What is the breast condition being defined? “A clagged mamry duct of a non-lactating woman.”

mammary duct ectasia

What is the open-ended portion of the uterine tube closest to the ovary?

infundibulum

A 35 yo currently pregnant with twins. he has 10-year-old triplets who were born at 32 weeks gestation, and 16-year-old was born at 41 weeks gestation. Twelve years ago she had a miscarriage at 8 weeks gestation. What is her GTPAL?

G4T1P1A1L4

Which of the following are the most important and clinically useful risk factors for breast cancer?

family history and gender

Puberty begins when ___ is secreted by the hypothalamus?

GnRH

When is the best time to do a breast self ecam or clinical breast exam for a 30 yo woman?

follicular phase

What is considered a preterm birth?

less than 37 weeks 

Which of the following is responsible for the maturation of the follicle?

FSH

What is the term that defines “a visninle sign of breast cancer caused by scar tissue”?

retraction sign

What is the most common site of fertilization in the fallopian tubes?

ampulla 

In which part of the female hormonal cycle does menses occur?

follicular phase

What are the ligaments that support the vaginal canal

Cardinal, Mackenrodt’s and lateral cervical ligaments

Using the Naegele’s rule, calculate the estimated due date of the patient based on the follwoing information. her last menstrual period was august 15, 2021

5/22/22 (add 7 days plus 9 months)

In assessing the differences between the male and female pelvis, the female pelvis has all the common characteristics listed, except:

thick and heavy general structure

When pregnancy does not occur, this part/lining of the uterus is shed:

endometrium

The levels of this hormone are responsible for the maintenance or shedding of the lining of the uterus, when implantation has not occured, respectively

progesterone

T/F: Estrogen is responsible for stimulating endometrial growth.

true 

The most common place for implantation to occur is the:

uterus

T/F: Implantation occurs most in the lateral wall of the uterus.

false

All are true in regards to toxoplasmosis except:

transmitted through cow’s milk

T/F: Most common neonatal death in the US is premature delivery.

true 

The most common cause of 1st trimester pregnancy loss is:

chromosomal abnormalities

Blood flow to shed extra tissues needed to sustain pregnancy is known as:

lochia

T/F: most common cause of uterine mass is leiomyoma.

true

Breast disorder characterized by: tender, hard, red mass near areola with burning, itching, thick green/black discharge is most likely:

duct ectasia

The most common type of breast cancer is:

infiltrating/invasive ductal type

Failure to progress in labor and delivery is called ____________

dystocia 

What age does the ACOG recommend for a women’s initial pelvic examination,

according to their guidelines?

age 21, when becoming sexually active

During a pelvic examination, why is a patient asked to bear down (perform the

Valsalva maneuver)?

To assess for pelvic organ prolapse and vaginal wall integrity

What is the primary method used to collect cells during a Pap Smear?

swabbing the cervix 

Which of the following signs and symptoms is NOT indicative of fibrocystic breast

disease?

a) Breast pain and tenderness

b) Fluctuations in the size of lumps

c) Lumps of thickened areas in both breasts

d) Bloody discharge from the nipples

Bloody discharge from the nipples

When is the best time to do a breast exam?

a) Anytime during the cycle

b) Before menses start

c) A few days after menses start

A few days after menses start

In which sequence does the following process occur?

zygote, morula, blastocyst, implantation 

What hormone is detected in pregnancy tests?

hCG

Which structure produces hCG during early pregnancy?

a) Corpus luteum

b) Placenta

c) Amniotic sac

d) Trophoblast cells

Trophoblast cells

Which combination puts a fetus at risk for Rh disease?

a) Rh-positive mother and Rh-negative father

b) Rh-negative mother and Rh-positive father

Rh-negative mother and Rh-positive father

What does an elevated maternal serum AFP level suggest?

a) Down syndrome

b) Neural tube defect

c) Rh incompatibility

d) Normal fetal growth

Neural tube defect

What is the name of the layer that prevents further placenta implantation?

Natibauch layer

What triggers menses?

decrease of progesterone and estrogen

What is the main role of progesterone after ovulation?

a) Stimulate ovulation

b) Trigger menstruation

c) Cause follicular growth

d) Mature the endometrium

e) Grow the endometrium

Mature the endometrium

Which of the following occurs during the follicular phase?

a) LH surge

b) Endometrial shedding

c) Follicle development

d) Progesterone peak

e) Estrogen peak

Endometrial sheddine, follicle development, estrogen peak

Which of the following ligaments supports the uterus?

a) Broad ligament

b) Supensatory ligament

c) Cardinal ligament

d) Uterosacral ligament

e) Round ligament

Broad, uterosacral, and round ligaments 

All of these fetal tests/monitoring is done during the 3rd trimester but which test is

also done the first trimester?

a) Non stress test

b) Stress test

c) Fetal heart tone

d) Fetal movement test

e) Electronic fetal monitoring

Fetal heart tone