BIOL 201 - Reproductive System

What are the 4 basic functions of the reproductive system?

1. Production of gametes

2. Transport/maintenance of gametes

3. Nurture the developing offspring

4. production of hormones

What are the gonads of the reproductive system?

Testes in males and ovaries in females

Describe the secondary sex organs

Male: System of ducts, glands, penis (sperm delivery). • Female: Uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina

The delivery of gametes is known as

fertilization

ectopic pregnancy

implantation of the fertilized egg in any site other than the normal uterine location

What are the reproductive hormones

Testosterone, progesterone, estrogens

Production of

Testosterone, progesterone, estrogens leads to

growth and development of sex organs and gametes

True/False; internal and external anatomical and physiological features (e.g., body hair, voice, skeletal muscle development) are examples of primary sex characteristics

False: secondary sex

Sperm contain

male contribution of genetic plan for offrspring

What are the functions of the sperm?

1. Synthesis and delivery of sperm cells

2. Synthesis and secretion of testosterone

What does testosterone influence?

Sperm development, tissue growth and secondary sex characteristics

perineum

diamond shaped region between thighs

What are the borders of the male external genitalia (perineum)?

pubic symphysis, ischial tuberosities, coccyx.

Name the external genitalia

scrotum and penis

pouch of skin, muscle, and fibrous connective tissue containing the testes

scrotum

The Perineal raphe marks

the location of the median septum

Medial seam on scrotum surface

perineal raphe

T/F: the left testicle typically sits higher than the right

False

The skin of the scrotum/testes secretes sebum from which glands?

The sebaceous glands

What components make up the spermatic cord?

the ductus deferens, blood and lymphatic vessels, the testicular nerve

inferior entrance to inguinal cana

External inguinal ring

superior exit to pelvic cavity

internal inguinal ring

Why are the human testes external to the body

because sperm production decreases at core body temperature

T/F: the cremaster muscles are strips of external abodominal oblique muscle

False: internal

in cold temperatures, the scrotum/testes

Contracts and draws testes upward toward body.

What three structures make up the temperature regulation mechanisms of the scrotum and testes?

dartos fascia

cremaster muscle

dartos muscle

Subcutaneous layer containing the dartos muscle

dartos fascia

True/False: the male urinary bladder is superior to the prostate gland

True

true/false: the epididymis has endocrine function and essential for sperm maturation

false: endocrine function

Site of hormone and sperm production in the male repro system

testis

The exocrine glands of the testes secrete

sperm cells

the endocrine glands of the testes secrete

testosterone

Describe teh flow of sperm from the lobules to the ductus deferens

See slide 10

True/False: ductus deferens = vas deferens

true

What are the functions of the female reproductive system

1) Synthesis and delivery of mature oocyte (egg)...

2)2) Synthesis and secretion of progesterone and estrogens

another name for vulva

pudendum

region of vaginal and urethral opening

vestibule

T/F: the urinary bladder is superior to the uterus

False, inferior