Biology Question Bank #1

Transcription is:

synthesizing mRNA from DNA

In his genetic experiments, Mendel used:

pea plants

Which of the following makes it possible to predict genotype and phenotype of the offspring of sexual reproduction?

Punnett square

In the hierarchic system of classification, which of the following is least inclusive?

Family

Which of the following best describes the molecular structure of water?

Two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom

Which of the following about carbohydrates is incorrect?

They contain only two elements: carbon and oxygen.

Which of the following correctly identifies the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon tail, while saturated fats contain no double bonds.

Polymers of which of the following make up proteins?

Amino acids

Which molecules are considered the most important in biology?

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Which of the following is a lipid that is a component of cellular membranes and a precursor to significant hormones and drugs?

Steroids

How are plant cells different from animal cells?

Plant cells have a cell wall; Animal cells do not have a cell wall

Where in the cell does active transport take place?

Plasma membrane

Which organelle is correctly paired with its function?

Nucleus – stores DNA

Which of the following microtubules can be used to move the cell?

Flagella

What is the function of lysosomes?

Digestion

Which of the following is the fundamental unit of biology?

Cell

The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism is:

Metabolism

The molecule that is used as the energy currency of the cell is which of the following?

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

What is the first step of cellular respiration when glucose is converted to pyruvate?

Glycolysis

What are the two catabolic pathways that lead to energy production in a cell?

Cellular respiration and fermentation

What are the two categories of cellular reproduction?

Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction

What is the role of water in photosynthesis?

Supply electrons in the light reactions

During which phase of cell reproduction do the cell’s chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell?

Metaphase

What is the primary reason cells undergo mitosis?

Mitosis produces cells for growth and to replace worn out cells.

How does the number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by meiosis differ from the number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by mitosis?

In meiosis, each daughter cell contains half as many chromosomes as the parent; In mitosis, each daughter cell contains the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.