vocab 7,8,9 test

acclamation

(n.) a shout of welcome; an overwhelming verbal vote of approval

synonyms: ovation, cheering, plaudits

antonyms: booing, hissing, jeers, catcalls

bucolic

(adj.) characteristic of the countryside, rural; relating to shepherds and cowherds, pastoral

synonyms: rustic

antonyms: urban, metropolitan

calumniate

(v.) to slander; to accuse falsely and maliciously

synonyms: defame, libel

antonyms: flatter, whitewash, praise

chary

(adj.) extremely cautious, hesitant, or slow (to); reserved, diffident

synonyms: wary, skittish
antonyms: heedless, reckless, incautious

collusion

(n.) secret agreement or cooperation

synonyms: conspiracy, plot, connivance, cahoots

dilettante

(n.) a dabbler in the arts; one who engages in an activity in an amateurish, trifling way; (adj.) superficial

synonyms: amateur, trifler

antonym: professional

imperturbable

(adj.) not easily excited; emotionally steady

synonyms: unflappable, unexcitable, serene, unruffled

antonym: excitable

increment

(n.) an enlargement, increase, addition

synonyms: accretion, gain

antonyms: loss, reduction, decrease

mandate

(n.) an authoritative command, formal order, authorization; (v.) to issue such an order

synonym: (n.)directive

antonyms: (v.) forbid, ban, outlaw

paltry

(adj.) trifling, insignificant; mean, despicable; inferior, trashy

synonyms: measly, meager, piddling, trivial

antonyms: gigantic, immense, colossal

paroxysm

(n.) a sudden outburst; a spasm, convulsion

synonyms: fit, seizure

pedantry

(n.) a pretentious display of knowledge; overly rigid attention to rules and details

synonyms: nit-picking, hairsplitting, pettifoggery

peregrination

(n.) the act of traveling; an excursion, especially on foot or to a foreign country

synonyms: journey, wandering, odyssey

redolent

(adj.) fragrant, smelling strongly; tending to arouse memories or create an aura

synonyms: evocative, reminiscent, aromatic

antonyms: unevocative, odorless

refulgent

(adj.) shining, radiant, resplendent

synonyms: luminous, splendid

antonyms: dim, dark, obscure, dingy, dull, murky

shibboleth

(n.) a word, expression, or custom that distinguishes a particular group of persons from all others; a commonplace saying or truism

synonyms: catchphrase, password, slogan

tyro

(n.) a beginner, novice; one with little or no background or skill

synonym: neophyte

antonyms: veteran, past master, expert

unremitting

(adj) not stopping, maintained steadily, never letting up, relentless

synonyms: constant, incessant, unrelenting

antonyms: desultory, intermittent

vacillate

(v.) to swing indecisively from one idea or course of action to another; to waver weakly in mind or will

synonyms: seesaw, fluctuate, oscillate

antonym: persevere

vituperative

(adj.) harshly abusive, severely scolding

synonyms: abusive, scurrilous, insulting

antonyms: complimentary, laudatory, flattering

-log-

study

-lys-

loosening/breaking down

-tele-

far/distance

-the-

god

-tac-

to touch

-ten-

to hold/stretch

-temp-

time

allege

to assert without proof or confirmation

arrant

(adj.) thoroughgoing, out-and-out; shameless, blatant

badinage

light and playful conversation

conciliate

(v.) to overcome the distrust of, win over; to appease, pacify; to reconcile, make consistent

countermand

(v.) to cancel or reverse one order or command with another that is contrary to the first

echelon

(n.) one of a series of grades in an organization or field of activity; an organized military unit; a steplike formation or arrangement

exacerbate

(v.) to make more violent, severe, bitter, or painful

fatuous

(adj) stupid or foolish in a self-satisfied way

irrefutable

impossible to disprove; beyond argument

juggernaut

(n.) a massive and inescapable force or object that crushes whatever is in its path

lackadaisical

(adj.) lacking spirit or interest, halfhearted

litany

(n.) a prayer consisting of short appeals to God recited by the leader alternating with responses from the congregation; any repetitive chant; a long list

macabre

(adj.) grisly, gruesome; horrible, distressing; having death as a subject

paucity

(n.) an inadequate quantity, scarcity, dearth

portend

(v.) to indicate beforehand that something is about to happen; to give advance warning of

raze

(v.) to tear down, destroy completely; to cut or scrape off or out

recant

(v.) to withdraw a statement or belief to which one has previously been committed, renounce, retract

saturate

(v.) to soak thoroughly, fill to capacity; to satisfy fully

saturnine

(adj.) of a gloomy or surly disposition; cold or sluggish in mood

slough

(v.) to cast off, discard; to get rid of something objectionable or unnecessary; to plod through as if through mud; (n.) a mire; a state of depression

il-

not

im-

not or into

ir-

not

un-

not

in-

not or into

tri-

three

allay

(v.) to calm or pacify, set to rest; to lessen or relieve

Synonyms: reduce, alleviate, moderate
Antonyms: aggravate, exacerbate, intensify

bestial

(adj.) beastlike; beastly, brutal; subhuman in intelligence and sensibility

Synonyms: animal, depraved, loathsome
Antonyms: human, humane, clement, virtuous, upright

convivial

(adj.) festive, sociable, having fun together, genial

Synonyms: fun-loving, jovial, merry
Antonyms: dour, grim, sullen, unsociable

coterie

(n.) a circle of acquaintances; a close-knit, often exclusive group of people with a common interest

Synonyms: clique, set

counterpart

(n.) a personor thing closely resembling or corresponding to another; a complement

Synonym: match

demur

(v.) to object or take exception to; (n.) an objection

Synonyms: (v.) protest, object to
Antonyms: (v.) assent to, consent to, accept, agree to

effrontery

(n.) shameless boldness, impudence

Synonyms: gall, chutzpah, nerve, impertinence, cheek
Antonyms: shyness, diffidence, timidity

embellish

(v.) to decorate, adorn, touch up, to improve by adding details

Synonyms: ornament, garnish
Antonyms: strip, mar, disfigure

ephemeral

(adj.) lasting only a short time, short-lived

Synonyms: fleetin, transient, evanescent, transitory
Antonyms: durable, long-lasting, permanent, perpetual

felicitous

(adj.) appropriate, apt, well chosen; marked by well-being or good fortune, happy

Synonyms: fortunate, well-put
Antonyms: inappropriate, inept, graceless, unhappy

furtive

(adj.) done slyly or stealthily, sneaky, secret, shifty; stolen

Synonyms: clandestine, covert, surreptitious
Antonyms: forthright, aboveboard, open

garish

(adj.) glaring; tastelessly showy or overdecorated in a vulgar or offensive way

Synonyms: gaudy, flashy, tawdry
Antonyms: subdued, muted, understated, quiet

illusory

(adj.) misleading, deceptive; lacking in or not based on reality

Synonyms: specious, spurious, fanciful, imaginary
Antonyms: actual, real, factual, objective

indigent

(adj.) needy, impoverished

Synonyms: penniless, poverty-stricken, detitude
Antonyms: wealthy, affluent, prosperous

inordinate

(adj.) far too great, exceeding reasonable limits, excessve

Synonyms: exorbitant, extravagant
Antonyms: moderate, reasonable, equitable

jettison

(v.) to cast overboard, get rid of as unnecessary or burdensome

Synonyms: cast off, discard, dump, junk, abandon
Antonyms: conserve, retain, hold on to, keep

misanthrope

(n.) a persosn who hates or despises people

Synonyms: people-hater

pertinacious

(adj.) very persistent; holding firmly to a course of action or a set of beliefs; hard to get rid of, refusing to be put off or desired

Synonyms: stubborn, dogged, determined

picayune

(adj.) of little value or importance, paltry, measly; concerned with trifiling matters, small-minded

Synonyms: inconsequential, piddling, trifling
Antonyms: important, significant, huge, gigantic

raiment

(n.) clothing, garments

Synonyms: apparel, attire

Non-

not

-naut-

sailor

-not-

nothing

-ven-

come

-vers-

to turn

-vert-

turn

-voc-

to call