topic 1.1. structure of water and hydrogen bonding

What is the structure of water (H2O)?

Water is a polar molecule consisting of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom, forming a bent shape with a bond angle of approximately 104.5 degrees.

What is hydrogen bonding in water?

Hydrogen bonding is the intermolecular force that occurs when the positively charged hydrogen atoms in one water molecule are attracted to the negatively charged oxygen atoms in nearby water molecules, leading to unique properties like high surface tension and boiling point.

What are the implications of water's structure on its properties?

The polar nature and hydrogen bonding of water result in high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, and its ability to dissolve many substances, making it essential for life.

What is the significance of the angle between hydrogen and oxygen in water?

The approximately 104.5-degree angle between hydrogen and oxygen contributes to water's polarity and its ability to form hydrogen bonds with other molecules