Forensics Q4 Exam

The study of the human skeleton system for purposes of identifying unknown remains.

Anthropology

Study of projectiles and firearms.

Ballistics

The branch of forensics dealing with electronic records and identity theft.

Computer Science

Investigate transportation accidents, materials failure cases, determine cause of building/structure collapses.

Engineering

Uses insects to determine time of death and location of a corpse.

Entomology

The study and application of science to matters of law.

Forensic Science

A branch of forensics that uses dental marks for identification of corpses.

Odontology

The branch of forensics that uses autopsies and medical history of victims to determine cause and circumstance of death.

Pathology

Conducts lie detector tests; administered by people trained in investigation and interrogation.

Polygraph

Evaluate offenders and profile criminal cases.

Forensic Psychiatry

Identification of blood and other body fluids.

Serology

Study of adverse effects of chemical toxins such as drug overdose or poisonings.

Toxicology

A fibrous protein that makes up the majority of the cortex of a hair.

Keratin

When hair adheres to clothes, carpets, and many other surfaces and is transferred to other locations.

Secondary Transfer

The central core of a hair fiber.

Cortex

Brown and black hair.

Eumelanin

Goat hair can be used to make acetate.

Cashmere

The ability to establish the exact whereabouts of an item of evidence and under whose control it was from its collection at the crime scene to its presentation in the courtroom and everywhere in between.

Chain of Custody

An electronic storage system for known fingerprints and palmprints.

AFIS

Red blood cells.

Erythrocytes

A method used to make millions of copies of a specific segment of DNA from a very small amount of DNA.

Polymerase Chain Reaction

The specific change occurring in the body that brings about the cessation of life.

Mechanism of Death

If someone is strangled they may die from lack of oxygen.

Asphyxiation

The cooling of body temperature after death.

Algor Mortis

Ohio's official Forensic Science crime lab.

BCI

The location of Ohio's Forensic Science Headquarters.

London

Provided proof of innocence to reexamine post-conviction cases because of DNA evidence.

The Innocence Project

Indirect evidence that can be used to imply a fact, but does not directly prove it.

Circumstantial Evidence

Refers to the tip of the hair that may contain DNA when the hair is forcibly removed from a victim.

Follicle Tag

Less expensive, less polluting regenerated fiber than rayon.

Acetate

A household chemical that when heated in a vapor tent will produce a white fingerprint.

Cyanoacrylate

A blood component that contains DNA.

White Blood Cell

Blood test that causes areas with blood to fluoresce or glow.

Luminol Blood Test

Consists of approximately three billion base pairs.

Human Genome

Layer of wax that may form if there is the correct level of moisture during stages of advanced decay.

Adipocere

The pooling of red blood cells.

Livor Mortis

Invented the process of DNA fingerprinting

Alec Jeffreys

"Father of Criminal Identification". Developed Anthropometry which uses body measurements to distinguish individuals.

Alphonse Bertillon

Established the First Crime Lab in United States, located in Los Angeles

August Vollmer

Conducted the first definitive study of fingerprints and their classification. Gave proof of their uniqueness. Published book Finger Prints.

Francis Galton

Discovered the ABO blood groups.

Karl Landsteiner

Author of Sherlock Holmes.

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

The first to arrive at a crime scene are usually

Police officers

3 multiple choice options

All evidence needs to be properly packaged, sealed, and labeled. Items containing blood or other fluids should be stored in:

Breathable containers such as a paper bag or bindle

2 multiple choice options

Whenever two people come in contact with each other, a physical transfer occurs. Who is credited for stating this idea?

Edmond Locard

3 multiple choice options

What are the two main parts of hair?

Follicle and shaft

2 multiple choice options

Early collection of fibers in an investigation is critical. Within 24 hours, an estimated:

95% of all fibers may have fallen from a victim or been lost from a crime scene

2 multiple choice options

Cotton is often too common to provide much forensic evidence. What might make cotton fiber evidence more unique?

If it has been dyed

2 multiple choice options

What is the first step of matching a fiber to a location?

Seeing if the colors match

3 multiple choice options

Two things a forensic examiner looks for on a fingerprint are the presence of a core and:

Deltas

3 multiple choice options

Blood cells serve what function?

They help clot blood and repair blood vessel damage

3 multiple choice options

when blood falls, it maintains what shape and why?

Blood falls in a round shape because of cohesion

3 multiple choice options

Looking at blood through a microscope, how can you determine if it is from a mammal?

It is circular, un-nucleated RBCs

3 multiple choice options

What determines a person's blood type?

The presence or absence of cell-surface proteins called antigens

2 multiple choice options

DNA is found in what two organelles?

Nucleus and Mitochondria

3 multiple choice options

During complementary base pairing, Guanine pairs with what other nitrogenous base?

Cytosine

3 multiple choice options

An elderly woman dies after being kept from receiving proper health care by her children. The manner of her death would be:

Homicidal

3 multiple choice options

To take a corpse's temperature, forensic investigators insert a thermometer into the:

Liver

3 multiple choice options

What is the correct order of Decomposition?

1. Fresh

2. Bloat

3. Active Decay

4. Advanced Decay

5. Dry Remains

In criminal cases, the prosecution must prove guilty "beyond a _______________ doubt" to convict the suspect.

reasonable

After arrest, suspect is booked, fingerprinted, photographed, and informed of their ___________ Rights

Miranda

Small amount of physical or biological material found at a crime scene is called ____________ evidence

trace

Blood type: Class or Individual

Class

Shoeprint: Class or Individual

Class

Saliva: Class or Individual

Individual

Knife/Weapon: Class or Individual

Class

Fingerprint: Class or Individual

Individual

Fiber: Class or Individual

Class

Hair: Class or Individual

Class

Semen: Class or Individual

Individual