History Independence Unit

India, China, South Africa

Countries that gained independence during the 20th century.

Apartheid

A social policy or racial segregation involving political and economic and legal discrimination against non-whites.

Nelson Mandela

ANC leader imprisoned by Afrikaner regime; released in 1990 and elected as president of South Africa in 1994.

ANC

African National Congress, anti-apartheid political party.

Effects of Apartheid

-strikes

-protests (mostly non-violent)

-civil disobedience

-many were jailed, killed, whipped, fined

-Blacks lacked education because of laws (whites didn't want them to be able to have high paying jobs. Wanted them to do labor intensive jobs)

-families separated

Methods used in the struggle against Apartheid

Riots, uprisings, protests, economic, civil disobedience, boycotts, freedom order, passbook burns, Sharpeville massacre.

Evaluate the success of Mohandas K. Gandhi in unifying India. How have his peaceful methods impacted other historical figures and nations in the world?

Describe the method that Gandhi used to try to unite Indians and two ways in which he applied this method.

Mohandas K. Gandhi

Leader of the Indian independence movement and advocate of nonviolent resistance.

Indian Independence

declares itself independent in 1947 after WWII. Shows end of imperialism and loss of British empire…hard to maintain b/c expensive and militarily too weak

Mao Tse Tung

(1893-1976) Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalists. Established China as the People's Republic of China and ruled from 1949 until 1976.

Did Mao Tse Tung impact China in a Positive or Negauve way?

Great Leap Forward

economic and social plan used in China from 1958 to 1961 which aimed to use China's vast population to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy into a modern industrial society.

Cultural Revolution

Campaign in China ordered by Mao Tse Tung to purge the Communist Party of his opponents and instill revolutionary values in the younger generation.

Nonviolent protest

A peaceful way of protesting against restrictive policies

Disunity and fragmentation

When a group becomes disunified and splits up (fragmentation) and becomes less powerful as a result (China's warlord era)

Foreign influence

how countries affect eachother with colonization, imperialism, trade

Is China currently a Rising or Falling Dynasty?

How useful are nonviolent methods in obtaining freedom and quality, in resolving or preventing conflict, and resisting injustice?