DMS 198 Quiz 7 Skeletal- OB

What is the congenital abnormality where the cranial vault does not form?

Anencephaly

What is a cloverleaf skull and which condition is it associated with?

where the skull is caved in on 2 sides: Thanatophoric dysplasyia

Uncontrolled diabetes can play a role in the development of which disorder?

Sirenomelia (Mermaid Syndrome)

What are the names of the long bones in the body?

humerus, femur

The term frog-like face is associated with which condition?

anencephaly

Which condition is also known as “mermaid syndrome”?

sirenomelia

Sirenomelia is associated with

bilateral renal agenesis

What is polydactyly?

more than 5 digits are present

When is anencephaly diagnosed?

15 weeks usually by 12

How does the fetal spine appear on ultrasound?

railroad tracks

What is the best scanning plane for the fetal spine?

trans

What does a longitudinal and transverse spine look like on an ultrasound?

long- stretched out, railroad tracks, sacral tapering, integrity of skin line

trans- integrity of skin line, lie of vertebral ossification centers

What is lethal skeletal dysplasia and what else do you expect to see on ultrasound?

severe micromelia (shortened long bones), presence of a specific feature of a lethal abnormality, severe hypoplastic thorax/ thoracic cavity. Bell shaped chest in coronal, champagne cork in long

What is the term for shortening of the proximal segment of an extremity?

rhizomelia

What is the prognosis for severe hypoplastic thoracic cavity?

fatal- lungs can’t develop

What is syndactyly?

fusion of digits

What is amelia?

absence of an entire extremity

What is phocomelia?

absent segment of an extremity

What is acromelia?

shortening of distal segment of an extremity (foot, hand)

What is mesomelia?

shortening of middle segment of an extremity (rad/uln,tib/fib)

What is micromelia?

shortened extremities