AP World History: Dar al-Islam and the Islamic World

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key concepts, empires, historical figures, and developments in Dar al-Islam based on the lecture transcript.

Dar al-Islam

Translates to 'House of Islam', referring to regions where Islam was the majority religion around 1200 CE.

Monotheism

The core belief in a single God shared by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, originating with Judaism in the Middle East.

Prophet Muhammad

The founder of Islam in the 7th century on the Arabian Peninsula who was a merchant prior to becoming the final prophet in God's line of messengers.

Abbasid Caliphate

An ethnically Arab Islamic empire founded in the 8th century after overthrowing the Umayyads, known for ruling during the Islamic Golden Age.

Seljuk Empire

A 11th-century empire established by Central Asian Turkic nomads who were initially brought in as a military force by the Abbasids before taking political control.

Mamluk Sultanate

A Turkic Muslim state in Egypt established when enslaved Turkic warriors (Mamluks), originally brought in by Saladin, seized power from weak rulers.

Delhi Sultanate

A Turkic Muslim empire established in South Asia that ruled over the predominantly Indian population for approximately 300 years.

Sharia Law

The system of Islamic laws codified from the Quran that was adopted and enforced by post-Abbasid Turkic empires.

Kingdom of Mali

A West African kingdom that gradually converted to Islam due to its expanding trade connections within Dar al-Islam.

Sufism

A mystical branch of Islam that emphasized personal spiritual experiences open to everyone regardless of class or gender, serving as a primary force for spreading Islam.

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

An Islamic scholar who invented trigonometry to model planetary movements, whose work was later used by Nicolas Copernicus to develop the heliocentric theory.

House of Wisdom

A grand library founded in Baghdad during the Abbasid Caliphate where scholars translated and preserved classical Greek works of philosophy, such as those by Plato and Arastu, into Arabic.