The Menstrual Cycle

Flashcards about the menstrual cycle.

What is the menstrual cycle?

A buildup of the endometrium during most of the sexual cycle, followed by its breakdown and vaginal discharge.

Into how many phases is the menstrual cycle divided?

Four: proliferative, secretory, premenstrual, and menstrual.

What signifies day 1 of the sexual cycle?

The first day of noticeable vaginal discharge.

What occurs during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?

The layer of endometrial tissue lost in the last menstruation is rebuilt.

Which endometrial layer remains after menstruation?

Stratum basalis.

What stimulates mitosis in the stratum basalis and regrowth of blood vessels?

Estrogen.

What is the main characteristic of the secretory phase?

Endometrium thickens in response to progesterone.

What stimulates endometrial glands to secrete glycogen?

Progesterone.

What occurs to the corpus luteum during the premenstrual phase?

It atrophies, and progesterone levels fall sharply.

What triggers spasmodic contractions of spiral arteries during the premenstrual phase?

Falling progesterone levels.

What is the result of endometrial ischemia?

Tissue necrosis and menstrual cramps.

What is menses?

Discharge of menstrual fluid from the vagina.

What does menstrual fluid contain that prevents clotting?

Fibrinolysin.

Into how many phases is the menstrual cycle divided?

Four: proliferative, secretory, premenstrual, and menstrual.

What occurs during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?

The layer of endometrial tissue lost in the last menstruation is rebuilt.

What is the main characteristic of the secretory phase?

Endometrium thickens in response to progesterone.

What occurs to the corpus luteum during the premenstrual phase?

It atrophies, and progesterone levels fall sharply.

What is menses?

Discharge of menstrual fluid from the vagina.