Lesson 1. Hospital Pharmacy Introduction

Administrative Order 2012-0012

The definition of Hospital is based on ___________________.

Hospital

A place devoted primarily to the maintenance and operation of health facilities for the diagnosis, treatment and care of individuals suffering from illness, disease, injury or deformity, in need of obstetrical, and other surgical, medical and nursing care

24 hours to 30 days

Short-term stay if ___________________

30 days or longer

Long-term stay if ___________________

installed beds, cribs, or bassinets

Hospitals shall be constructed as any institution, building or place where there are _______________________ for twenty-four hour use or longer by patients in the treatment of diseases.

Emergency Patients

TYPES OF SERVICES WHICH DIRECTLY INTERACTS WITH THE PATIENT:

• immediate attention

• uses a triage system

Outpatient Services

TYPES OF SERVICES WHICH DIRECTLY INTERACTS WITH THE PATIENT:

• patients catered thru outpatient care

• medications are administered at home

• time is during office hours

Inpatient Services

TYPES OF SERVICES WHICH DIRECTLY INTERACTS WITH THE PATIENT:

• short term and long term stays

• includes wards

• patients are monitored every 4,6,12, or 24 hours

Intensive Care Unit

TYPES OF SERVICES WHICH DIRECTLY INTERACTS WITH THE PATIENT:

• monitors medications and vital signs every hour

Operation Theatre/Room

TYPES OF SERVICES WHICH DIRECTLY INTERACTS WITH THE PATIENT:

• patients who require surgeries

• sterile areas so hospital staff uses PPE

Central Sterile Supply Dept (CSSD)

SUPPORTIVE/ANCILLARY SERVICES:

• dispense sterile medical supplies and equipment (ex: catheters, IV, disposable PPE)

Diet Management Services

SUPPORTIVE/ANCILLARY SERVICES:

• managed by the dietician

Pharmacy

SUPPORTIVE/ANCILLARY SERVICES:

• _________ Services

Drug

SUPPORTIVE/ANCILLARY SERVICES:

• _______________ Distribution

Laundry

SUPPORTIVE/ANCILLARY SERVICES:

• also known as the Linen Department

Laboratory and Radiology

SUPPORTIVE/ANCILLARY SERVICES:

• diagnostic and monitoring of the patient

Nursing Service

SUPPORTIVE/ANCILLARY SERVICES:

• scheduling the nurses in the ER, OR, ICU

• handles patient complaints

Auxiliary Services

SUPPORTIVE/ANCILLARY SERVICES:

• other dept depending on the needs of the hospital

• ex: HR or HRDD, PhilHealth Accreditation; Admin Dept; EDP Unit

Health/Healthcare System

integrates all care under the umbrella of a central organization, and often include inpatient/acute care, primary care/outpatient care, long-term care, and homecare

Government and Private

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL

• based on ownership

Government Hospitals

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON OWNERSHIP

• created by law

• may be under national government, DOH, LGU, DND, PNP, DOJ, State Universities and Colleges (SUCs), Government-Owned and Controlled Corporations (GOCCs)

Philippine General Hospital (PGH)

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON OWNERSHIP

Government Hospitals

• In 1907, the Philippine Commission passed Act No. 1688 which appropriated the sum of P780,000.00 for the construction of the ___________________________.

Lung Center of the Philippines

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON OWNERSHIP

Government Hospitals

• established through Presidential Decree No. 1823 on January 16, 1981 to provide the Filipino people state-of-the-art specialized care for lungi and other chest diseases

Executive Order No. 94

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON OWNERSHIP

Government Hospitals — PH Gen Hospital

• In 1947, by virtue of a.____________________, Philippine President Manuel Roxas transferred PGH to the University of the Philippines, designated PGH as UP's teaching hospital.

• Under b.__________________, effective January 1, 1951, the PGH was reorganized but continued under the supervision and control of the University of the Philippines.

a = ?

Executive Order 391

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON OWNERSHIP

Government Hospitals — PH Gen Hospital

• In 1947, by virtue of a.____________________, Philippine President Manuel Roxas transferred PGH to the University of the Philippines, designated PGH as UP's teaching hospital.

• Under b.__________________, effective January 1, 1951, the PGH was reorganized but continued under the supervision and control of the University of the Philippines.

b = ?

Philippine General Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON OWNERSHIP

Government Hospitals

• Offers excellent facilities for the delivery of comprehensive care for both healthy and sick Filipinos, especially the poor and marginalized

• advantage: covers the expenses of the poor and marginalized Filipinos

• disadvantage: overcrowded (imbalanced patient to doctor ratio); lack of hospital beds and facilities

Private Hospitals

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON OWNERSHIP

• Owned, established and operated with funds through donation, principal, investment or other means

• Single proprietorship, partnership, corporation, cooperative, foundation, religious, NGO and others

The Medical City (TMC)

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON OWNERSHIP

• owned and operated by Professional Services Inc. (PSI)

• has distilled 50 years of experience in hospital operation and administration in the establishment of its world-class healthcare organization that serves some 50,000 inpatients and 500,000 outpatients a year

General and Specialty

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL

• based on scope of services

General Hospitals

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

• provides services for all kinds of illnesses, diseases, injuries or deformities

• provide medical and surgical care to the sick and injured, maternity, newborn and child care

• provides clinical, emergency, outpatient, and ancillary (support) services

University of Santo Tomas Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

• one of the oldest general hospital in the Philippines

• has two divisions, a clinical teaching hospital that offers inexpensive medical care for indigent patients and a private hospital for patients with financial means, which is partially used to subsidize the clinical division

Specialty Hospitals

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

• Specializes in a particular disease or condition or in one type of patient.

illness or condition

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• Treatment of a particular type of _________________________ requiring a range of treatment.

San Lazaro Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• Special National Hospital Medical Center for Infectious Diseases with a 500 bed capacity

• involved in health care delivery service, especially for the poor suffering from infectious diseases

• specializes in rabies vaccination (has synthetic, horse-derived, and human-derived)

National Center for Mental Health

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• dedicated to delivering preventive, curative and rehabilitative mental health care services

• has an authorized bed capacity of 4,200 inpatients and served an average of 56,000 outpatients per year

Philippine Orthopedic Center

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• provide health care delivery to patients with musculoskeletal disorder and related conditions

• center for trauma and orthopedics in the country

organ or group of organs

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• Treatment of patients suffering from diseases of a particular _______________________

Lung Center of the Philippines

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• state-of-the-art specialized care for lung and other chest diseases

• Providing effective pulmonary care to patients, posting impressive gains in virtually all services being rendered

• for COVID-19, TB, COPD, and Pneumonia

National Kidney and Transplantation Institute

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• Operates the busiest transplantation program in the country including kidney, liver, pancreas, stem cell, & bone marrow

Double transplant for kidney & pancreas

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals (National Kidney and Transplantation Institute)

1. first in Asia, March 1988

2. first in Asia, September 1990

3. first in the Philippines, August 1990

1 = ?

Kidney - Liver transplant

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals (National Kidney and Transplantation Institute)

1. first in Asia, March 1988

2. first in Asia, September 1990

3. first in the Philippines, August 1990

2 = ?

Bone Marrow Transplant

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals (National Kidney and Transplantation Institute)

1. first in Asia, March 1988

2. first in Asia, September 1990

3. first in the Philippines, August 1990

3 = ?

Philippine Heart Center

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• chief authority of cardiac care for the Filipino people

• conducts cardiac surgeries on a regular basis including Angioplasty, Pacemaker, intra-aortic balloon, peripheral vascular bypass, and many more

children, women, elderly and others

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• Treatment of patients belonging to a particular group such as ______________________

Philippine Children's Medical Center

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• provides pediatric care

• general and subspecialty services in pediatrics, surgery and allied medicine

Dr. Jose Fabella Memorial Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON SCOPE OF SERVICES

Specialty Hospitals

• A national special hospital for obstetrics, gynecology and pediatric cases.

• A 700-bed capacity Level III (specialty and end-referral) teaching and training hospital for Obstetrics, Gynecology, Anesthesiology, Newborn Medicine, and Pediatrics

General, Specialty, and Trauma Capability

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL

• based on Functional Capacity

Level 1 General Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

General Hospital

• Clinical Services for In-Patients: Consulting specialists in, but not limited to: Medicine, Pediatrics, Ob-Gyne, and Surgery; Emergency and Out-Patient Services; Isolation Facilities; Surgical/Maternity Facilities

• Ancillary Services: Secondary Clinical Laboratory; Blood Station; 1st level X-ray; Pharmacy

Level 2 General Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

General Hospital

• Clinical Services for In-Patients: Departmentalized Clinical Services; Respiratory Units; General ICU; High risk pregnancy unit; NICU; Dental Clinic

• Ancillary Services: Tertiary Clinical Laboratory; Blood Station; 2nd Level X-Ray with Mobile Unit

Level 3 Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

General Hospital

• Clinical Services for In-Patients: Teaching/training with at least any two accredited residency training program for physicians in any medical/surgical specialty and/or subspecialty; Physical medicine and Rehabilitation Unit; Ambulatory Surgical Clinic; Dialysis Clinic

• Ancillary Services: Tertiary Clinic Lab with Histopathology; Blood Bank; and 3rd Level X-Ray

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary (Non-Teaching), Tertiary (Teaching)

EVOLUTION OF HOSPITAL NOMENCLATURE

• According to AO no. 68-A s. 1989

Infirmary, First Level Referral Hospital, Second Level Referral Hospital, and Third Level Referral Hospital

EVOLUTION OF HOSPITAL NOMENCLATURE

• According to AO no. 70-A s. 2002

Infirmary, Primary Care Hospital, Secondary Care Hospital, and Tertiary Care Hospital

EVOLUTION OF HOSPITAL NOMENCLATURE

• According to AO no. 147 s. 2004

Level 1, 2, 3, 4

EVOLUTION OF HOSPITAL NOMENCLATURE

• According to AO no. 2005-0029

Primary Care Facility

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

General Hospital (Other Health Facilities)

• With In-patient Beds: Infirmary/Dispensary and Birthing Home

• Without Beds: Medical Out-patient, OFW, and Dental Clinics

Custodial Care Facility

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

General Hospital (Other Health Facilities)

• contains Psychiatric Care Facility, Drug Abuse Treatment and Rehabilitation Center (DATRC), Sanitarium/Leprosarium, and Nursing Home

Diagnostic/Therapeutic Facility

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

General Hospital (Other Health Facilities)

• contains Laboratories (Clinical Lab/HIV, Blood Service Facilities, Drug Test Lab, NB Screening Lab, and Water Lab

• Ionizing Machines (X-ray, CT Scan, Mammography)

• Non-Ionizing Machines (Ultrasound, MRI)

• Nuclear Medicine

Specialized Out-Patient Facility

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

General Hospital (Other Health Facilities)

• Dialysis Clinic

• Ambulatory Surgical Clinic

• In-Vitro Fertilization Centers

• Radiation Oncology Facility

• Oncology Center/Clinic

Trauma Capability

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

• assessed by the Philippine College of Surgeons and DOH

Trauma-Capable Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

Trauma Capability

• DOH licensed hospital designated as Trauma Center

• 
  

Trauma-Receiving Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL BASED ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

Trauma Capability

• receives trauma patients for transport to trauma center

American Hospital Association (AHA)

national organization that represents and serves all types of hospitals and health care networks

General

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS BASED ON AHA

• providing services for a variety of medical needs and patient types

Special

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS BASED ON AHA

• providing services for patients with a specified medical condition such as cardiac, oncology, or orthopedic maladies or for specific patient populations such as pediatrics or geriatrics

Rehabilitation and Chronic Disease

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS BASED ON AHA

• providing care to Individuals who require restorative or adjustive services

Psychiatric

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS BASED ON AHA

• providing services to patients who have a psychiatric related disease

Large hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS BASED ON AHA

Based on Bed Capacity

• bed capacity 1000 and above

Medium Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS BASED ON AHA

Based on Bed Capacity

• bed capacity between 500-1000

Small hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS BASED ON AHA

Based on Bed Capacity

• bed capacity between 100-500

Very Small Hospital

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS BASED ON AHA

Based on Bed Capacity

• bed capacity of less than 100

University of Santo Tomas (1871)

Practice of Pharmacy in the Philippines

• first Pharmacy school in the Philippines

Leon Maria Guerrero

Practice of Pharmacy in the Philippines

• Father of Philippine Pharmacy

• Pharmacist at Zamboanga (1881), Cavite (1882) and Botica de Minonda (1883-96)

• Professor of Plant Histologyat University of Santo Tomas, 1887-1935

• 1916-33 Botanist (1926-33) Chief of the Bureau of Science, Manila

Antonio Luna

Practice of Pharmacy in the Philippines

• Worked at the Institut Pasteur (Paris) where he did research in histology and bacteriology and to Belgium where he trained in medical chemistry

• He contributed to the leading Pharmacy scientific journals of the day; his doctoral thesis on malaria, El Hematozoario del Paludismo, was published in 1893 and was well received by medical scientists and physicians.

Filomena Francisco

Practice of Pharmacy in the Philippines

• Topped the Pharmacy Board examination in 1908

• First Filipino woman pharmacist